DO浓度对全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥脱氮效能的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-28 17:47

本文关键词： 厌氧氨氧化全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥生物脱氮含氮废水处理　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全程自养脱氮工艺作为一种低能耗、可持续的新兴生物脱氮工艺,在废水脱氮领域具有广阔的应用前景。本课题针对当前我国水体富营养化严重和传统生物脱氮技术运行成本高等问题,在成功培养出全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥的基础上,系统研究了溶解氧(DO)对全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥脱氮效能的影响,并采用分子生物技术分析了不同DO浓度下全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥内部的微生物变化,进而提出全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥稳定、高效的处理含氮废水的溶解氧控制策略,为实际含氮废水处理提供理论依据和技术支持。在微氧曝气条件下,以DO为单一变量,采取逐级升高DO浓度的策略,结合不同DO阶段全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥脱氮效果、自养脱氮效能两方面的变化,对比分析DO浓度对全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥脱氮效能的影响,并深入探究保持其脱氮效能稳定的最适DO调控范围。研究结果表明,在微氧条件下,保证适宜的水力停留时间(HRT)、DO和p H,有利于在颗粒污泥内部建立氨氧化菌(AOB)、厌氧氨氧化菌(ANAMMOX菌)的共生体系,试验历时58d成功培养出全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥。同时,DO浓度对全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥的脱氮效果及脱氮效能均有显著影响,DO浓度为0.1-0.2mg/L时,脱氮效能最佳,其对氨氮和总氮的平均去除率分别为90.6%和72.3%,平均总氮去除负荷为1.216 kg·N/(m3·d),脱氮反应中△TN/△NH4+和△NO3-/△NH4+的平均比值分别为0.85和0.12,与自养脱氮理论关系(0.86和0.11)基本吻合。此外,结合不同DO浓度下全程自养脱氮颗粒污泥内部的微生物变化情况,在微观尺度上分析了AOB和ANAMMOX菌在颗粒污泥内部的分布规律。SEM结果表明,颗粒污泥粒径大小在0.9~1.0 mm之间,形状规则,表面光滑,颗粒污泥内部微生物排列十分致密,主要以球状及短杆状菌聚合而成;FISH结果证明,颗粒污泥内部微生物主要以此两种菌为主,其中,AOB密集排布于颗粒污泥外层区域,ANAMMOX菌则集中分布于颗粒污泥内层,亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)数量极少。
[Abstract]:The whole process of autotrophic denitrification is a low energy consumption and sustainable biological denitrification process. It has a broad application prospect in the field of wastewater denitrification. This topic aims at the serious eutrophication of water body in China and the high cost of the traditional biological nitrogen removal technology. On the basis of successful cultivation of autotrophic granular sludge, the effect of do) on denitrification efficiency of autotrophic granular sludge was studied systematically. The microorganism changes of autotrophic denitrification granular sludge under different do concentration were analyzed by molecular biotechnology, and the stability of autotrophic denitrification granular sludge was put forward. The efficient control strategy of dissolved oxygen for treating nitrogen-containing wastewater provides the theoretical basis and technical support for the actual treatment of nitrogen-containing wastewater. Under the condition of micro-oxygen aeration, do is taken as a single variable. The strategy of increasing do concentration step by step, combined with the effect of denitrification of autotrophic granular sludge in different do stages, and the change of efficiency of autotrophic denitrification were adopted. The effect of do concentration on denitrification efficiency of autotrophic granular sludge was analyzed, and the optimal range of do control to maintain the stability of denitrification efficiency was explored. The results showed that under the condition of micro-oxygen. It is beneficial to establish a symbiotic system of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOBX) and anammox bacteria (Anammox) in granular sludge by ensuring suitable HRT, do and pH. The experiment lasted 58 days and successfully cultivated the whole process autotrophic denitrification granular sludge. At the same time, the concentration of do had a significant effect on the denitrification effect and denitrification efficiency of the whole process autotrophic denitrification granular sludge. When do concentration was 0.1-0.2 mg / L, the average removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen was 90.6% and 72.3%, respectively. The average total nitrogen removal load was 1.216 kg 路N / m ~ 3 路d). The average ratios of TN- / NH4 and NO3 / NH4 in denitrification were 0.85 and 0.12, respectively. The relationship between 0.86 and 0.11) was basically consistent with the autotrophic nitrogen removal theory. In addition, the microorganism changes of autotrophic denitrification granular sludge under different do concentrations were analyzed. The distribution of AOB and ANAMMOX bacteria in granular sludge was analyzed on the micro scale. The results showed that the size of granular sludge was between 0.910 mm and 1.0 mm, and the shape of granular sludge was regular. The surface of granular sludge is smooth, and the microorganism in granular sludge is very compact, which is mainly composed of globular and short rod bacteria. The results of FISH showed that there were two kinds of microbes in granular sludge, and ANAMMOX in the outer layer of granular sludge was concentrated in the inner layer of granular sludge. The number of nitrite oxidizing bacteria was very small.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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