污泥处置过程含氮气体的排放特征及其协同控制研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 11:35

本文关键词： 污泥干化污泥堆肥含氮气体排放特征　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：污泥生物干化及堆肥作为污泥处置的有效手段,处置过程中含氮气体(NH3、N2O、NO)排放的数据十分缺乏,同时,处置过程中排放的毒害气体也危害着员工的身体健康。本研究以东北某大型污泥干化厂的连续流强制通风槽式污泥干化工艺为研究对象,通过现场测试及实验,考察不同通风条件、翻堆频率下污泥含氮气体、有害气体的排放特征及干化效率。同时,考察不同添加剂(沸石、DMPP)对污泥堆肥过程中氮素损失和有害气体排放的影响,以期为优化污泥堆肥工艺参数提供科学依据。主要结论如下:1.初始混料含水率在50%左右,采用前期以供氧为目的,中期以温度控制为主,后期以除湿、散热为目的的通风设计,可以明显加快污泥干化速率(试验组在第11天时的含水率为36.6%,对照组为42%),有更好的干化效果(最终含水率试验组为33.6%,对照组为37.6%),氨气累积排放量减少5%(试验组氨气累积排放为208mg/m3,对照组为219.8 mg/m3)。可以降低污泥干化过程中温室气体排放导致的增温效果,整个干化过程中温室气体累积排放当量对照组比试验组略高(试验组每吨干物料的温室气体排放当量为3.605kg e CO2,对照组为3.726kg e CO2)。NO累积排放量试验组比对照组高出15.9%(试验组为1.9g/m2,对照组为1.6g/m2)。2.初始混料含水率65%左右,将整个翻堆周期缩短至14天,可以降低60%的氨气排放且能够达到干化目标(含水率45%以下),有利于企业进行节能减排,提高干化效率,但由于累积曝气时间较短,微生物反应还未完全完成,导致污泥减容效果与其余两组相比略差。3.添加物料湿重1%的沸石粉可以减少37%的氨气挥发、占初始总氮2.9%的氮素损失以及5%的堆肥过程中温室气体排放;添加硝化抑制剂会减少N2O的累积排放量,氨气累积排放量较对照组增加13.7%,氮素损失较对照组增加6%。
[Abstract]:Sludge biological drying and composting are effective means of sludge disposal. During the process of sludge disposal, the data of NH _ 3N _ 2O _ N _ 2O _ (no) emission are very short, and at the same time, The toxic gas discharged during disposal is also harmful to the health of employees. This study took the continuous flow forced ventilation tank sludge drying process in a large sludge drying plant in Northeast China as the research object, and passed the field tests and experiments. The effects of different additives (zeolite DMPPP) on nitrogen loss and harmful gas emission during sludge composting were investigated under different ventilation conditions and tipping frequency. The main conclusions are as follows: 1. The initial moisture content of sludge compost is about 50%. The ventilation design is designed for the purpose of oxygen supply, temperature control, dehumidification and heat dissipation in the early stage, in the middle stage, and in the later stage, the main purpose of which is to dehumidify and dissipate heat. The sludge drying rate was significantly accelerated (the moisture content of the experimental group was 36.6 on the 11th day, and the control group was 420.There was a better drying effect (the final moisture content was 33.6 in the experimental group, 37.6 in the control group, and the cumulative discharge of ammonia gas decreased by 5%). The cumulative discharge of gas was 208 mg / m ~ (3) and that of the control group was 219.8 mg / m ~ (3). It could reduce the warming effect caused by greenhouse gas emissions during sludge drying. During the whole drying process, the accumulative equivalent of greenhouse gas emissions in the control group was slightly higher than that in the experimental group (the equivalent of greenhouse gas emission per ton of dry materials in the experimental group was 3.605kg ECO2, and that in the control group was 3.726kg e CO2).NO, 15.9kg higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The experimental group was 1.9 g / m ~ 2 and the control group 1.6 g / m ~ 2 路2.The initial moisture content of the mixture was about 65%, By shortening the whole reactor turning period to 14 days, the ammonia emission of 60% can be reduced and the drying target can be reached (water content below 45%), which is beneficial for enterprises to save energy and reduce emissions and improve drying efficiency, but the accumulated aeration time is relatively short. The microbial reaction has not been completed completely, and the sludge volume reduction effect is slightly worse than that of the other two groups. The addition of boiling stone powder with wet weight of 1% can reduce ammonia volatilization by 37%. Nitrogen loss of 2.9%% of initial total nitrogen and greenhouse gas emission during composting of 5%%, nitrification inhibitor reduced the cumulative emission of N2O, ammonia cumulative emission increased 13.7% and nitrogen loss increased 6% compared with control group.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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