三种植物在人工湿地系统处理养殖废水中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 20:16

本文关键词： 人工湿地水生植物养殖废水净化效果　出处：《中国林业科学研究院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：养殖废水因其氨氮、总磷、有机物及悬浮物浓度高,容易给自然环境带来长期的、不可逆的影响,是目前广大农村地区面源污染的重要起因之一。虽然有较多的专家和学者致力于养殖废水的处理研究,提出了许多可供选择的工艺方法,然而这些方法中,一级或二级的工艺处理即便可以净化养殖废水中大部分的氨氮、总磷、有机物及悬浮物,但如果想要实现更高的排放要求,就必须进行更深入的后续处理,而人工湿地处理系统则是后续处理工艺的最佳选择之一。本研究依据人工湿地对植物的选择要求,从植物在污水中的生长情况、耐污性及去污效果等方面开展研究,结合湘南地区植物分布情况,选择了芦苇、蕹菜和水葫芦作为研究对象,通过试验研究,分析了三种植物及植物组合对人工配置的五组养殖废水的处理效果,取得了如下研究成果:(1)三种水生植物及植物组合对养殖废水中氨氮的去除效率在42%-76.5%之间,对总磷的去除效率在58%-91.25%之间,对化学需氧量的去除效率在43.75%-87.25%之间。(2)从单一植物的处理能力分析,呈现水葫芦蕹菜芦苇的趋势;植物组合方面,“芦苇-水葫芦”组合“芦苇-蕹菜”植物组合,且植物组合的去除效率明显优于单一植物。基于以上研究成果,建议湘南地区选择人工湿地处理养殖废水的植物时,可首选水葫芦或考虑“芦苇-水葫芦”组合。
[Abstract]:Because of its high concentration of ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter and suspended solids, aquaculture wastewater is easy to bring long-term, irreversible effects to the natural environment. It is one of the important causes of non-point source pollution in rural areas at present. Although there are many experts and scholars devoted to the treatment of aquaculture wastewater, many alternative process methods have been put forward, but in these methods, The primary or secondary process can purify most of the ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, organic matter and suspended matter in the aquaculture wastewater, but if higher discharge requirements are to be achieved, more in-depth follow-up treatment is necessary. The artificial wetland treatment system is one of the best choices for the subsequent treatment process. According to the plant selection requirements of the constructed wetland, the research is carried out from the aspects of plant growth in sewage, pollution tolerance and decontamination effect, etc. Based on the distribution of plants in southern Hunan, Reed, water spinach and water hyacinth were selected as the research objects. The treatment effects of three kinds of plants and their combinations on five groups of artificial culture wastewater were analyzed. The results of this study are as follows: (1) the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus in aquaculture wastewater by three aquatic plants and their combinations are between 42% and 76 5%, and the removal efficiency of total phosphorus is between 58% and 91.25%. The removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand is between 43.75% and 87.25%.) from the analysis of the treatment ability of single plant, it shows the trend of water hyacinth water spinach Reed, and the plant combination of "Reed and water hyacinth", "Reed water hyacinth" plant combination, water hyacinth and water hyacinth, water hyacinth, water hyacinth and water hyacinth. The removal efficiency of plant combination is obviously better than that of single plant. Based on the above research results, it is suggested that water hyacinth or "Reed-water hyacinth" combination should be preferred in the selection of artificial wetland for treatment of aquiculture wastewater in southern Hunan.
【学位授予单位】：中国林业科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X713

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