澜沧江中下游水库泥沙重金属分布及其污染评价

发布时间：2018-02-12 03:42

本文关键词： 重金属地积累指数法潜在生态危害指数法功果桥水库小湾水库　出处：《生态经济》2016年12期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：研究针对澜沧江中下游功果桥和小湾电站库区,分析重金属污染物时空分布特征,并综合评估了两水电库区的重金属污染程度。结果表明:(1)重金属元素的含量受季节影响较大,雨季明显偏高,汛后的11月份富集至较高;大坝拦沙对上下游重金属污染物具有明显的拦截效应。(2)地积累指数法评价结果:3月、6月两库区重金属均未呈现污染;但8月、11月功果桥库区坝上泥沙中的Pb、Mn、As、Zn均呈现污染,Cu、Hg均未呈现污染;功果桥库区的重金属污染程度大于小湾库区,且其重金属污染多发生在雨季;(3)综合全年来看,7种重金属的综合潜在生态危害指数RI均小于150,其潜在危害程度均为轻微;重金属的潜在危害程度由重到轻依次是Cd、As、Hg、Pb、Cu、Zn、Mn。该研究揭示了矿区下游水库的重金属分布状况以及污染程度,为水库和流域环境管理提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of heavy metal pollutants in Gongguoqiao and Xiaowan reservoir areas of the middle and lower reaches of Lancang River are analyzed, and the pollution degree of heavy metals in the two hydropower reservoir areas is comprehensively evaluated. The results show that the content of heavy metal elements in the area is greatly affected by seasons. During the rainy season, the heavy metals were enriched to a higher level on November after the flood. The results of the evaluation of the accumulation index of heavy metals in the upper and lower reaches of the dam were as follows: on March and June, there was no pollution of heavy metals in the two reservoir areas. However, on August and November, there was no pollution of PbPb MnMnAsN Zn in the sediment of Gongguoqiao Reservoir area, and the pollution degree of heavy metals in Gongguoqiao Reservoir area was higher than that in Xiaowan Reservoir area. And its heavy metal pollution mostly occurred in the rainy season. (3) in the whole year, the index RI of the 7 kinds of heavy metals was less than 150, and the degree of potential damage was slight. The potential harm degree of heavy metals is in order from heavy to light. This study reveals the distribution of heavy metals and the degree of pollution of reservoirs in the lower reaches of mining areas, which provides scientific basis for the environmental management of reservoirs and watersheds.
【作者单位】：云南大学云南省国际河流与跨境生态安全重点实验室;云南大学国际河流与生态安全研究院;云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41261100,41571032,41561144012) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAB06B00)
【分类号】：X524;X824

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