微孔曝气与生物膜法处理农村受污染水体实验研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 23:16

本文关键词： 微孔曝气生物膜法生物接触氧化农村污水高锰酸盐指数挂膜填料水力停留时间　出处：《中国水利水电科学研究院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是发展中国家,面临的环境问题十分突出,尤其是水环境问题。目前,我国的环保重心主要集中在城市,对农村的环境保护重视程度不够。而我国又是农业大国,农村中小型河道污染问题日益突出。资料显示,我国农村河道的主要污染源包括：化肥和农药、畜禽养殖粪便、乡镇企业排污以及生活污水等。本文介绍了生物膜法的研究进展,常见挂膜填料的研究和应用情况。分析比较了国内外微孔曝气研究进展和应用实例,指出了目前微孔曝气技术的研究重点。综合国内外研究人员的研究成果,分别叙述了曝气量、安装水深、安装面积、孔径、水质和气孔堵塞状况对微孔曝气充氧性能的影响,对不同影响因素的作用效果做了总结,并指出目前研究中存在的问题。以期对污水处理厂曝气系统的优化提供借鉴,对拟采用微孔曝气法进行生态修复的研究提供参考。针对曝气量、孔径和安装水深对微孔曝气充氧性能的重要影响,本文通过实验研究了不同曝气量(0.5m3/h,Im3/h,1.5m3/h,2m3/h,2.5m3/h,3m3/h)、孔径(50μm,100μm, 200 μm,500μm)和安装水深(0.8m,1.1m,1.3m,1.5m,1.8m,2.0m)对氧总传质系数、氧利用率和理论动力效率的影响,并通过对参数的曲线分析,优化出最佳的参数组合。研究结果表明,在安装水深为2.0m时采用200μm孔径的曝气器和0.5m3/h的曝气量具有最佳的充氧性能。在实际的生产应用中,通常采用间歇曝气的方式。本文分别研究了连续曝气、不同间歇曝气方式(曝气—停曝时间分别为1h-1h、2h-1h、2h-2h、2h-3h、3h-2h)对CODMn、 NH3-N、TN、TP的去除效果。综合考虑有机物及氮磷的去除效果,以及间歇曝气在节能方面的优势,结果表明,曝气2h-停曝2h为最佳曝气方式。生物膜法是目前广泛采用的污水处理技术。挂膜填料作为生物膜法的核心,对污水的处理效果具有直接的影响。本文通过实验比较了悬浮球+纤维球填料、组合填料和Aquamats填料作为微生物载体对农村受污染水体中3-N、TN、TP的去除效果,比较了三种不同水力停留时间(水力停留时间分别为24h、12h、6h)对CODMn、 NH3-N、TN、TP的去除率的影响。研究结果表明,纤维球填料作为生物膜载体对污泥具有更好的吸附作用,对污染物的去除率要优于组合填料和Aquamats填料。水力停留时间对CODMn和NH3-N的作用效果明显,结果显示,水力停留时间越大,污染物的去除率越高。
[Abstract]:Our country is a developing country, the environmental problem is very prominent, especially the water environmental problem. At present, the focus of environmental protection in our country is mainly concentrated in the city, not enough attention is paid to the environmental protection in the countryside, and our country is a big agricultural country. The pollution problem of small and medium-sized river channels in rural areas is becoming increasingly prominent. The data show that the main sources of pollution in rural watercourses in China include chemical fertilizers and pesticides, livestock and poultry manure, In this paper, the research progress of biofilm method, the research and application of common membrane packing are introduced, and the research progress and application examples of microporous aeration at home and abroad are analyzed and compared. This paper points out the research emphases of micropore aeration technology at present. Based on the research results of researchers at home and abroad, the effects of aeration amount, installation water depth, installation area, pore size, water quality and pore plugging condition on the aeration performance of micropore aeration are described respectively. This paper summarizes the effect of different influencing factors, and points out the problems existing in the present research, which is expected to provide a reference for the optimization of aeration system in sewage treatment plant. This paper provides a reference for the study of ecological restoration by microporous aeration. Aiming at the important effects of aeration volume, aperture and installed water depth on the aeration performance of microporous aeration, In this paper, we have experimentally studied the effects of different aeration rates (0.5m3 / h), 1.5m3 / hnh, 2.5m3 / hh (2.5m3 / hh), 50 渭 m / 100 渭 m, 200 渭 m / 500 渭 m) and the installed water depth (0.81m1.3mtl / 1.5m-1. 8m2.0m-1) on the total oxygen mass transfer coefficient, oxygen utilization ratio and theoretical dynamic efficiency, and through the curve analysis of the parameters, we have also studied the effect of different aeration rates on the total oxygen mass transfer coefficient, the oxygen utilization rate and the theoretical dynamic efficiency, and by the analysis of the curves of the parameters, we have studied the effect of different aeration rates on the total oxygen mass transfer coefficient, the oxygen utilization ratio and the theoretical dynamic efficiency. The optimum parameter combination is optimized. The results show that the aerator with 200 渭 m aperture and the aeration rate of 0.5m3 / h have the best oxygenation performance when the water depth is 2.0 m. The removal effect of continuous aeration and different intermittent aeration (aeration-stop aeration time is 1h-1h ~ (-1) h ~ (-1) h ~ (2 h) ~ (2 h) h ~ (2 h) h ~ (2 h) h ~ (2 h) ~ (2 h) ~ (3) h ~ (3) h ~ (3) h ~ (-1)) on COD _ (mn), NH _ (3-N) -TNN ~ (2 +) TP is studied in this paper, and the removal effect of organic matter and nitrogen and phosphorus is considered synthetically. As well as the advantages of intermittent aeration in energy saving, the results show that the best aeration mode is 2 h to stop aeration for 2 h. Biofilm is widely used in wastewater treatment, and membrane packing is the core of biofilm process. In this paper, the removal efficiency of 3-NTNT TP in rural polluted water was compared by using suspension ball fiber ball packing, combined packing and Aquamats filler as microorganism carrier, which had a direct effect on wastewater treatment. The effects of three different hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the removal rate of COD mn and NH 3-N + TNN TP were compared. The results showed that the fiber ball packing as a biofilm carrier had a better adsorption effect on sludge. The effect of HRT on CODMn and NH3-N is obvious. The result shows that the larger the HRT, the higher the removal rate of pollutants.
【学位授予单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X52;X703

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