白洋淀生态红线问题研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 02:13

本文关键词： 白洋淀区域生态红线环境管理生态保护　出处：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国城镇化脚步日益增快,工业化水平稳步提升,但整体生态环境质量却愈发的不容乐观。尽管国家近年加大生态文明建设力度,但环境资源压力仍在持续增大,环境承载力严重不足,经济发展带来的污染问题仍在加重,生态环境持续退化,大量自然生境难以维系,社会、经济、环境发展严重不均衡。为强化生态保护,国家近年来颁布了若干项政策,2011年《国务院关于加强环境保护重点工作的意见》中首次提出要在重要生态功能区、陆地和海洋生态环境敏感区、脆弱区等区域进行生态红线的划定。如何通过技术手段完成生态红线的划定,并使其落实在日常生态环境管理工作中,是目前亟待研究解决的问题。白洋淀湿地作为华北平原最大的湖泊湿地,目前正在面临富营养化和沼泽化的威胁。淀区生态环境日益恶化,拦蓄洪水的能力下降,丰水期不能有效地拦蓄洪水,致使洪峰向下游推进,威胁下游人口生命财产安全。水资源调节拦蓄功能的减弱,枯水时期湿地生境得不到保障,区内物种的生态多样性受到严重影响。白洋淀区域生态环境形式不容乐观,加强区域生态环境管理势在必行。本次研究以白洋淀区域为例,通过研究白洋淀区域的生态环境概况,得出区域在进行生态红线划定和管理中可能出现的问题,并提出解决策略。首先,分析白洋淀区域当前的生态环境现状,得出白洋淀区域存在的主要生态环境问题,并利用ArcGIS地理信息系统,依据层次分析法确定的环境影响因子权重对区域进行生态敏感性分析,为白洋淀区域的生态红线划定及管理提供依据。其次,综合分析深圳、苏州、鄱阳湖、琵琶湖等国内外先进环境管理案例,为白洋淀区域生态红线能落实在日常生态环境管理中寻找借鉴和启示。最终,针对白洋淀区域未来的生态环境发展,提出相应的生态环境保护对策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the pace of urbanization in our country is increasing day by day, the industrialization level is rising steadily, but the overall ecological environment quality is increasingly not optimistic. Although the country has stepped up the construction of ecological civilization in recent years, the pressure of environmental resources is still increasing. The environmental carrying capacity is seriously insufficient, the pollution problem caused by economic development is still increasing, the ecological environment continues to degenerate, a large number of natural habitats are difficult to maintain, and the social, economic and environmental development is seriously unbalanced. In recent years, the State has promulgated a number of policies. In 2011, the State Council's opinion on the key work of strengthening Environmental Protection proposed for the first time that it should be located in important ecological functional areas, terrestrial and marine ecologically sensitive areas. How to complete the demarcation of ecological red line by technical means, and how to implement it in the daily ecological environment management, Baiyangdian wetland, as the largest lake wetland in North China Plain, is now facing the threat of eutrophication and marsh. Flood can not be effectively stopped in high water season, which causes Hong Feng to advance downstream and threaten the life and property safety of downstream population. The function of water resources regulation and storage is weakened, and the wetland habitat is not guaranteed during the dry period. The ecological diversity of species in Baiyangdian area is seriously affected. The ecological environment form of Baiyangdian area is not optimistic, so it is imperative to strengthen the management of regional ecological environment. By studying the general situation of ecological environment in Baiyangdian area, the problems that may appear in the delineation and management of ecological red line in Baiyangdian area are obtained, and the solving strategies are put forward. Firstly, the present situation of ecological environment in Baiyangdian area is analyzed. The main ecological environmental problems in Baiyangdian area are obtained, and the ecological sensitivity of Baiyangdian area is analyzed according to the weight of environmental impact factors determined by AHP using ArcGIS Geographic Information system (GIS). It provides the basis for the delineation and management of ecological red line in Baiyangdian area. Secondly, it comprehensively analyzes the advanced environmental management cases of Shenzhen, Suzhou, Poyang Lake, Biwa Lake and so on at home and abroad. The ecological red line of Baiyangdian area can be used for reference and enlightenment in the daily ecological environment management. Finally, the corresponding countermeasures of ecological environment protection are put forward for the future development of ecological environment in Baiyangdian area.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X321

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