某市垃圾渗滤液处理工艺分析

发布时间：2018-02-24 18:13

  本文关键词： 垃圾渗滤液 层次分析法 MBR RO DTRO　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的不断发展和人们生活质量的持续提高,城市生活垃圾不断积累,垃圾年累计堆量达60多亿吨,已严重影响了人们的生存环境,并在垃圾填埋场过程中导致渗滤液的产生。垃圾渗滤液是一种高浓度、难处理的有机废水,它不仅成分复杂,微生物营养元素比例严重失调,水质水量变化大,而且其具有很强的有毒有害性,这些特点使得渗滤液的处理是一个世界性的问题。因此根据渗滤液的特性,并针对特定的水质特点探讨其最优的处理方案是加快渗滤液领域处理效果的捷径,具有重要的研究意义。针对本次研究对象-某市垃圾渗滤液处理厂,本文对渗滤液的形成机理和来源进行了阐述,并在此基础上对渗滤液的特性和水质评价进行了深入研究,探究了影响渗滤液成分和性质的因素,并对国内外渗滤液的研究现状进行了分析,介绍了渗滤液的生物、物化和自然生态处理方法。根据国内外对渗滤液预测方法的研究结果,本文基于损益原理与水量平衡原理列举了三种用于渗滤液预测的方法:水量平衡法、经验统计法和经验公式法,工程上建议采用年平均日降水量法并参考经验统计法来进行渗滤液产量的预测,并应用此法对本次研究对象—某市垃圾渗滤液处理厂的产量进行了预测,得出产量为Q=74 m3/d,渗滤液设计产量按Q=80m3/d考虑。介绍了层次分析法的基本原理以及基本步骤,并详细介绍了其在渗滤液处理厂中的应用,为后文渗滤液方案的比选提供了理论依据。基于某市垃圾渗滤液的水质特点,传统的简单物化与生物组合工艺对渗滤液的处理效果很难达到排放标准,且国内外已有多个利用膜处理组合技术的渗滤液处理厂,出水水质达到了排放标准,由国内外渗滤液的实际工程案例和研究经验,提出了两种备选方案:A2/O-MBR+RO和两级A/O-MBR+DTRO。通过对所提到的11个准则因素和2个给定方案的分析,运用层次分析法对两种备选方案进行经济技术方面的比选,并综合考虑其在渗滤液水质适用方面和工艺技术可行性方面的对比结果,得出优选方案:两级A/O-MBR+DTRO。基于黄开坚对垃圾渗滤液的中试实验研究,并进行了两级A/O-MBR对COD、NH3-N和BOD5分级去除效果的对比分析,最终确定本次两级A/O池有机物去除率分配为:一级A/O:COD为82%,BOD为95%,NH3-N为94%;二级A/O:COD为50%,BOD为75%,NH3-N为76%。通过对硝化细菌的生存温度的研究,并结合工程所在地水温气候因素,本次渗滤液设计温度为20℃。最后在考虑节耗的基础上,充分考虑工程实施的合理性、经济性、可行性,对两级A/O-MBR+DTRO工艺进行了调节池、两级A/O-MBR生化池、超滤系统、DTRO系统参数的确定。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of our economy and the continuous improvement of people's quality of life, urban domestic waste is accumulated continuously, and the annual accumulative amount of garbage reaches more than 6 billion tons, which has seriously affected the living environment of people. The landfill leachate is a kind of organic wastewater with high concentration and difficult to be treated. It not only has complex composition, but also has a serious imbalance of microbial nutrient elements, and the quantity of water and water changes greatly. And it is very toxic and harmful, and these characteristics make the treatment of leachate a worldwide problem. Therefore, according to the characteristics of leachate, According to the specific water quality characteristics, it is of great significance to explore the optimal treatment scheme for leachate treatment, which is a shortcut to accelerate the treatment effect in leachate field, and it is of great significance to study the target of this study, a municipal landfill leachate treatment plant, and a municipal landfill leachate treatment plant. In this paper, the formation mechanism and source of leachate are expounded. On the basis of this, the characteristics and water quality evaluation of leachate are deeply studied, and the factors influencing the composition and properties of leachate are explored. The present situation of leachate research at home and abroad was analyzed, and the biological, physicochemical and natural ecological treatment methods of leachate were introduced. Based on the principle of profit and loss and the principle of water balance, this paper lists three methods for predicting leachate: water balance method, empirical statistics method and empirical formula method. It is suggested that the annual average daily precipitation method should be used to predict the leachate output with reference to empirical statistics. The output of a municipal landfill leachate treatment plant is forecasted by this method. The output of leachate is 74 m3 / d, and the design output of leachate is considered in terms of QN 80m3 / d. The basic principle and steps of AHP are introduced, and its application in leachate treatment plant is introduced in detail. Based on the water quality characteristics of landfill leachate in a certain city, it is difficult to meet the discharge standard of the treatment effect of traditional simple physicochemical and biological combination process for leachate treatment. There are many leachate treatment plants using membrane treatment combination technology at home and abroad, and the effluent quality has reached the discharge standard. The actual engineering cases and research experience of leachate at home and abroad are discussed. In this paper, we put forward two options: A2 / O-MBR RO and two levels of Ar / O-MBR DTRO.Through analyzing the 11 criterion factors mentioned and the two given schemes, we use AHP to compare the economic and technical aspects of the two options. Considering the results of comparison in the application of leachate quality and the feasibility of process technology, the optimal selection scheme is obtained: two stage A / O MBR DTRO.Based on Huang Kaijian, the pilot experiment of landfill leachate is carried out. A comparative analysis was made on the removal efficiency of COD NH 3-N and BOD5 by two stages of A / O MBR. Finally, it was determined that the removal rate of organic matter in the two stages of A / O pool was as follows: a / O: COD = 82% bod = 95% NH _ 3-N = 944.The second stage A / O _ (BOD5) COD = 50 bod = 75 ~ (NH _ 3-N) was 76. Through the study on the survival temperature of nitrifying bacteria, The leachate design temperature is 20 鈩，

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