适宜水分和养分提高土壤中磺酸二甲嘧啶降解率

发布时间：2018-02-25 23:33

本文关键词： 土壤水分养分磺胺二甲嘧啶降解施肥耕作　出处：《农业工程学报》2016年S1期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：医疗和养殖过程中抗生素的广泛使用导致了土壤环境中抗生素的污染。为了解进入农田土壤中抗生素的降解规律,该文以养殖业广泛使用的磺胺二甲嘧啶和2种不同养分水平的土壤为试验材料,采用盆栽方法研究了肥料种类(有机肥、NPK肥、N肥、PK肥等)、耕作强度(翻耕、免耕)、水分条件(长期干燥、长期湿润、干湿交替、长期潮湿)及种植作物(种植蔬菜、不种蔬菜)对土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶降解的影响。结果表明,与不施肥处理比较,施用有机肥、NPK肥、N肥可促进土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶在土壤中的降解,并以施用有机肥的效果最为明显;但施用PK肥对土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解影响不明显。翻耕可促进土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解,干湿交替、长期湿润比长期干燥和长期潮湿土壤环境下更有利于磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解。种植蔬菜比不种蔬菜土壤的磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解率高,根际土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解高于总体土壤。高养分土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解一般高于低养分土壤。分析认为,施肥、土壤养分水平、种植蔬菜对土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解的影响可能主要与这些因素改变了土壤微生物活性有关;翻耕可促进土壤中抗生素的光降解强度。研究认为,施肥、耕作和水分管理可以在一定程度上加速土壤中磺胺二甲嘧啶的降解。
[Abstract]:The widespread use of antibiotics in medical and aquaculture processes has led to the contamination of antibiotics in the soil environment. Using sulfadiazine and two kinds of soil with different nutrient levels as experimental materials, this paper studied the fertilizer types (organic fertilizer NPK fertilizer, N fertilizer, PK fertilizer, etc.), tillage intensity (tillage, tillage, tillage, cultivation, cultivation and cultivation). The effects of no tillage, water condition (long dry, long term wetting, alternating dry and wet, long wet) and growing crops (growing vegetables, not growing vegetables) on the degradation of sulfadimethazine in soil. Applying NPK fertilizer can promote the degradation of sulfadimethazine in soil, and the application of organic fertilizer is the most obvious. However, the application of competitive fertilizer had no obvious effect on the degradation of sulfadimethazine in soil. Tillage could promote the degradation of sulfadimethazine in soil and alternately dry and wet. Long-term wetting is more favorable to the degradation of sulfadimethazine than that of dry and humid soil, and the degradation rate of sulfadimethazine in vegetable growing is higher than that in non-growing vegetable soil. The degradation of sulfadimethazine in rhizosphere soil is higher than that in total soil, and the degradation of sulfadimethazine in high nutrient soil is generally higher than that in low nutrient soil. The effect of vegetable cultivation on the degradation of sulfadimethazine in soil may be mainly related to the change of soil microbial activity by these factors; tillage may promote the intensity of photodegradation of antibiotics in soil. Tillage and water management can accelerate the degradation of sulfadimethazine in soil to some extent.
【作者单位】：浙江大学环境与资源学院;绍兴市农业科学研究院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(21177108) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD14B04)
【分类号】：X53

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