孤岛油区土壤修复环境管理体系研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 19:25

本文关键词： 土壤环境管理修复对策实践　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：土壤环境管理与修复是我国环境保护事业的重要工作之一。“土壤污染治理与修复试点示范”是环境保护“十二五”规划的重要研究课题。当前,我国土壤环境状况总体不容乐观：部分地区土壤污染较重；耕地土壤环境质量堪忧；矿区、油田及周边土壤的污染加剧,所有这些都可能危及饮用水源和生态环境安全。建国以来,我国政府大力发展生产力,却未对土壤环境加以重视,一直没有实现系统管理,缺乏具体工作目标,与土壤有关的研究更是少见。黄河三角洲油气资源丰富,加上其独特的生态环境,它的发展与建设得到了国内外广泛的关注与支持。孤岛油区位于黄河三角洲范围内,在其开发过程中己造成一定程度的石油和重金属污染,这与黄河三角洲的建设理念相违背。中国土壤污染治理与修复起步较晚,在阐释我国土壤修复现状的同时,学习发达国家在土壤修复环境管理方面的成功经验,以此为我国土壤修复环境管理的发展建设提供框架和思路。因此,开展油区附近土壤修复环境管理体系研究具有重要的现实意义。本文依托国家环保公益性行业科研专项课题,并根据国家环境保护“十二五”规划基本思路,本着针对性和可操作性原则,开展了土壤修复环境管理研究,列出了土壤修复环境管理应遵循的基本原则及要求,给出了土壤修复环境管理内容与目标,阐述了土壤修复环境管理整体防治思路,并筛选修复技术。文章最后以山东省黄河三角洲孤岛油区盐碱化土壤为研究对象,通过修复示范区工程建设,从修复前、修复中和修复后等过程详细说明了土壤修复环境管理实践。主要内容包括：(1)项目组推行了政用产学研的管理模式,强调管理主体多元化,即以政府管理为中心,高校及科研院所研究为主线,企业协助实施为基础,公众广泛参与的开展并从修复前、修复中和修复等全过程进行管理。(2)项目组进行了土壤环境调查、现状评价、风险评价及标准规范研究与应用,进行了修复示范区分区研究。在筛选修复技术时,考虑自然恢复和人工强化修复污染土壤效果,结合相关试验成果,进行了物化-生化-植物联合修复技术组合研究和应用,效果显著；(3)进行了档案整合,给出了修复示范区的考核结果,与有关部门进行土壤修复管理方面的信息交流和合作,进一步完善土壤修复环境管理体系。
[Abstract]:Soil environmental management and remediation is one of the important work of environmental protection in China. "pilot demonstration of soil pollution treatment and remediation" is an important research topic in the 12th Five-Year Plan of Environmental Protection. The situation of soil environment in China is not optimistic: soil pollution is serious in some areas; soil environmental quality of cultivated land is poor; pollution in mining area, oil field and surrounding soil is aggravated. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, our government has vigorously developed productive forces, but has failed to attach importance to the soil environment, has not realized systematic management, and lacks specific work objectives. Soil related research is even rarer. The Yellow River Delta is rich in oil and gas resources, and its unique ecological environment, its development and construction has been widely concerned and supported at home and abroad. The Gudao oil region is located in the Yellow River Delta area. In the course of its development, oil and heavy metal pollution have been caused to a certain extent, which is contrary to the concept of construction in the Yellow River Delta. The treatment and remediation of soil pollution in China started relatively late, while explaining the present situation of soil remediation in China. Learn from the successful experiences of developed countries in the field of soil remediation environmental management, so as to provide a framework and train of thought for the development and construction of soil remediation environmental management in China. It is of great practical significance to study the environmental management system of soil remediation near the oil area. This paper relies on the special scientific research project of the national environmental protection and public welfare industry, and according to the basic ideas of the 12th Five-Year Plan of National Environmental Protection, Based on the principles of pertinence and maneuverability, the paper carried out the research on soil remediation environment management, listed the basic principles and requirements of soil remediation environment management, and gave the contents and objectives of soil remediation environment management. This paper expounds the overall control idea of soil remediation environment management and screening restoration technology. Finally, taking the saline-alkali soil of Gudao oil area in the Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province as the research object, through the construction of the demonstration area restoration project, from before the restoration. The environmental management practices of soil remediation are explained in detail in the processes of restoration neutralization and post-remediation. The main contents include the implementation of the management model of administrative production, education and research by the project team, which emphasizes the diversification of the main body of management, that is, taking the government management as the center. Universities and scientific research institutes as the main line, enterprises as the basis for implementation, extensive public participation in the development and management of the whole process of restoration, restoration and restoration, etc.) the project group carried out soil environmental investigation, and the status quo was evaluated. The risk assessment and the research and application of standard and specification were carried out to study the zonation of restoration demonstration area. When selecting restoration technology, the effects of natural restoration and artificial reinforcement remediation of contaminated soil were considered, and the related experimental results were combined. The combined research and application of physicochemical, biochemical and phytoremediation techniques have been carried out. The results of file integration have been remarkable. The results of the assessment of the restoration demonstration area have been given, and the information exchange and cooperation with the relevant departments in soil remediation and management have been carried out. Further improve the soil remediation environment management system.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X53

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