木质素磺酸盐聚合物的合成及其对水溶液中孔雀石绿的吸附研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 00:29

本文选题：木质素磺酸盐聚合物　切入点：吸附　出处：《湘潭大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：染料被使用在不同的工业领域,如皮革行业,医药行业,造纸厂,印刷厂,纺织印染厂,由于其性能良好且易于获得,因而产量逐年增长。这些行业所排放的废水含有大量的染料。由于其具有高毒性,高残留,降解性差,在水中的溶解度高,致癌性以及致畸性的特点,未经处理而排放的这些污染物在不同水体中对水生生物是极具危险性的。木质素磺酸盐,它源于天然植物,是制浆过程的副产品。造纸废液中的木质素磺酸盐,具有相对复杂的成分和较宽范围的分子量。由于3-甲氧基和4-羟基的存在,木质素磺酸钠易溶于水,不适合用作吸附材料。然而,木质素磺酸钠由于其活性基团而易于发生缩合反应,其固化的缩合产物对于水溶液中的孔雀石绿具有很好的吸附效果。由于木质素磺酸钠具有以上特性,本论文在此基础上对木质素磺酸钠改性材料的合成及其对水溶液中孔雀石绿的吸附过程进行了研究。本论文第一项研究描述了基于简单的乳液聚合的木质素磺酸盐乳液聚合物的合成及其对染料的吸附性能的实验。由傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)表征结果显示出木质素磺酸盐乳液聚合物合成成功。木质素磺酸盐乳液聚合物在pH=7.0的水溶液中选择性吸附阳离子染料,其吸附率(孔雀石绿计)超过95%。本研究同时考查了pH、吸附剂用量、初始的孔雀石绿浓度和温度对吸附的影响。同时以4种动力学模型和3种吸附等温线模型来评估实验数据。结果表明,孔雀石绿吸附到木质素磺酸盐乳液聚合物上的吸附过程符合伪二阶动力学模型和朗格缪尔吸附等温模型。此外,热力学分析(?G0在-20kJ mol-1和0 kJ mol-1之间,?H0和?S0的值为正)结果表明,孔雀石绿吸附到木质素磺酸盐乳液聚合物上的过程是吸热的,自发的和随机的过程。该木质素磺酸盐乳液聚合物是一种低成本的替代吸附剂,具有吸附废水中化学需氧物(COD)的潜力。本论文第二项研究表明,丙烯酸和丙烯酰胺共聚物经自由基反应接枝到木质素磺酸盐的分子链上,成功制备了木质素磺酸盐接枝共聚物。本研究考查了木质素磺酸盐接枝共聚物对孔雀石绿吸附过程受pH值,吸附剂用量,染料初始浓度和温度的影响的情况。结果表明,在pH=6.0-7.0条件下,吸附平衡时的吸附率可超过96%,吸附容量为96 mg g-1。在染料初始浓度为20 mg L-1,吸附剂用量1g L-1的条件下,考查300 min内的吸附过程,吸附实验数据符合伪二阶动力学模型、韦伯-莫里斯模型和朗格缪尔方程。热力学分析表明,木质素磺酸盐接枝共聚物吸附孔雀石绿的过程是吸热、自发、随机的过程,且以物理吸附为主。结果表明,木质素磺酸盐是一种由纸浆生产,可以回收的资源,因而,木质素磺酸盐接枝共聚物是一种低成本吸附剂和吸附,具有吸附难降解废物的能力。
[Abstract]:Dyes are used in a variety of industries, such as leather, medicine, paper mills, printing plants, textile dyeing plants, because of their good performance and easy to obtain, The wastewater from these industries contains a lot of dyes. Because of its high toxicity, high residue, poor degradation, high solubility in water, carcinogenicity and teratogenicity, These untreated pollutants are extremely dangerous to aquatic organisms in different water bodies. Lignosulfonate, derived from natural plants, is a by-product of pulping. Because of the presence of 3-methoxy and 4-hydroxyl, sodium lignosulfonate dissolves easily in water and is not suitable for adsorption. The condensation reaction of sodium lignosulfonate is easy to take place because of its active group, and the solidified condensation product has a good adsorption effect on malachite green in aqueous solution. In this paper, the synthesis of sodium lignosulfonate modified materials and the adsorption process of malachite green in aqueous solution were studied. The first study described lignin sulfonic acid based on simple emulsion polymerization. The synthesis of salt emulsion polymer and its adsorption property to dyes. The results of FTIR characterization show that the lignin sulfonate emulsion polymer has been synthesized successfully. The lignosulfonate emulsion polymer is synthesized in pH=7.0. Selective adsorption of cationic dyes in aqueous solution, The adsorption rate (malachite green meter) was more than 95%. The effects of initial malachite green concentration and temperature on adsorption were evaluated with four kinetic models and three adsorption isotherms. The adsorption process of malachite green onto lignosulfonate emulsion polymer accords with pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. G0 between -20kJ mol-1 and 0kJ mol-1? H0 and? The results show that the adsorption of malachite green onto lignosulfonate emulsion polymer is an endothermic, spontaneous and random process. The lignosulfonate emulsion polymer is a low-cost alternative adsorbent. The second study shows that acrylic acid and acrylamide copolymers are grafted onto the molecular chain of lignosulfonate by free radical reaction. The graft copolymer of lignosulfonate was successfully prepared. The effects of pH value, amount of adsorbent, initial concentration and temperature on the adsorption of malachite green by lignosulfonate graft copolymer were investigated. Under the condition of pH=6.0-7.0, the adsorption rate can exceed 96 mg g ~ (-1) and the adsorption capacity is 96 mg g ~ (-1). Under the condition of the initial concentration of dye is 20 mg / L and the amount of adsorbent is 1 g 路L ~ (-1), the adsorption process in 300 min is investigated. The adsorption data are in accordance with pseudo-second-order kinetic model, Web-Morris model and Langmuir equation. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the adsorption of malachite green by lignosulfonate graft copolymer is an endothermic, spontaneous and random process. The results show that lignosulfonate is a kind of resource produced by pulp and can be recovered. Therefore, the graft copolymer of lignosulfonate is a low cost adsorbent and adsorbent, and has the ability to adsorb refractory waste.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703;TQ424

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