安徽省畜禽养殖污染状况调查与治理技术适用性分析

发布时间：2018-03-09 09:44

本文选题：安徽省　切入点：畜禽养殖　出处：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着规模化养殖的发展,畜禽养殖业成为农村经济的主导产业之一,生猪、奶牛等主要畜禽生产集中度明显提高,区域生产格局已基本形成。但由此带来的环境污染加剧、农业污染减排压力增大等问题已严重制约畜禽养殖产业的持续发展。不合理的畜禽养殖布局和污染治理模式已严重阻碍畜禽养殖业的发展和农业污染减排工作的顺利推进,畜禽养殖污染已成为我省主要污染控制目标之一。本文的研究是以循环经济理论、生态学理论以及可持续发展的理论为指导,在总结国内外的畜禽养殖污染物治理技术基础上,结合安徽省的畜禽养殖情况,对畜禽养殖的污染物处理技术进行优化,探寻适合安徽省各地区的畜禽养殖污染的处理技术。主要研究成果如下：(1)截至2012年底安徽省中大型养殖场养殖规模占总规模的70%以上,我省规模化养殖以中型为主,目前畜禽废弃物的污染则主要来源于生猪饲养和蛋禽养殖,其中生猪饲养所占比重较大。(2)安徽省内养殖户选用畜禽养殖处理工艺主要有“粪便固液分离+堆肥／发酵+有机肥”、“还田模式”和“能源生态型模式”。(3)小型规模化养殖场的畜禽污染物的处理可以采用“厌氧发酵+沼气处理工艺”,也可以采用“自然堆肥+还田处理工艺”。(4)中型规模化养殖场的畜禽养殖污染物的处理可以选用“固液分离+堆肥+氧化塘”的处理模式以及“厌氧发酵+沼气”的工艺模式。(5)大型规模化的养殖场的畜禽养殖污染物的处理可以采用“固液分离+好氧堆肥+厌氧处理+好氧处理”工艺以及“固液混合后厌氧发酵+沼气工艺”。(6)特大型规模化的养殖场的畜禽养殖由于污染物产生量比较大,所以实现污染物的无害化和资源化尤为重要,此类养殖场的污染物可以结合“能源环保型技术工艺”和“能源生态型技术工艺”进行处理。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of large-scale farming, livestock and poultry farming has become one of the leading industries in the rural economy. The regional production pattern has been basically formed. However, the resulting environmental pollution has intensified. The increasing pressure of agricultural pollution reduction has seriously restricted the sustainable development of livestock and poultry industry. The unreasonable distribution of livestock and poultry breeding and pollution control mode have seriously hindered the development of livestock and poultry industry and the smooth progress of agricultural pollution reduction work. Livestock and poultry pollution has become one of the main pollution control objectives in our province. The research in this paper is based on the theory of circular economy, ecology and sustainable development, and summarizes the treatment technology of livestock and poultry pollutants at home and abroad. Combined with the situation of livestock and poultry breeding in Anhui Province, the treatment technology of pollutants in livestock and poultry breeding was optimized. The main research results are as follows: as of end of 2012, the scale of large-scale aquaculture in Anhui Province accounted for more than 70% of the total scale, and the scale of large-scale aquaculture in Anhui Province was mainly medium-sized. At present, the pollution of livestock and poultry wastes mainly comes from the raising of live pigs and the breeding of eggs and poultry. Among them, the proportion of live pig breeding is larger. (2) in Anhui Province, livestock and poultry breeding processing technology is mainly "solid liquid compost separation compost / fermenting organic fertilizer", "return to the field model" and "energy ecotype model" .Y3) small scale. "anaerobic fermentation biogas treatment process" or "natural compost returning to field treatment process" can be used for the treatment of pollutants from livestock and poultry in chemical farms.) the treatment of pollutants from livestock and poultry culture in medium scale farms can be selected. The treatment mode of "solid liquid separation compost oxidation pond" and "anaerobic fermentation biogas" process mode. Anaerobic aerobic treatment "process" and "solid-liquid mixture anaerobic fermentation biogas process". 6) the production of livestock and poultry in large scale farms is relatively large due to the large amount of pollutants produced. Therefore, it is very important to realize the harmless and resource utilization of pollutants. The pollutants of these farms can be treated in combination with "energy environmental protection technology process" and "energy ecotypic technology process".
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X713

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