长沙市生态本底质量空间异质性演化及模拟

发布时间：2018-03-10 05:27

本文选题：生态本底质量　切入点：空间异质性　出处：《经济地理》2016年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：借助GIS、ENVI对2005、2010、2015年的长沙市中心五区(岳麓区、芙蓉区、雨花区、天心区、开福区)TM/ETM遥感影像进行解译,并使用IDRISI中的CA-Markov模块模拟出2020年生态本底要素分布图。利用主成分分析法构建了城市生态本底质量评价模型,通过圈层分析法,GS+半方差函数分析,热点区分析,灰色关联分析法,对研究区的生态本底质量空间异质性演化进行综合分析评价,结果表明:1总体上长沙市已形成了山水洲城的景观生态格局,但生态本底在建设用地扩张下,开始呈现高异质性、破碎化的演化趋势,城市生态本底质量从0.3006下降到0.2571(2005—2020);2长沙市生态本底质量具有典型的圈层、轴向梯度结构,且"城市生态交错带"是演化最为剧烈的区域;3生态本底质量的空间结构具有区域、时间与方向分异性,且以区域空间异质性最重要;4生态本底质量演化热点区分布呈现由边缘区集聚向外围区扩散、"蛙跃"趋势;5生态本底质量驱动因子中工业化率具有最高的灰色关联度(0.8421),且岳麓区生态本底质量与工业化率灰色绝对关联度最高(0.6031)。
[Abstract]:The remote sensing images of five districts (Yuelu District, Furong District, Rainflower area, Tianxin District, Kaifu District) in Changsha city center in 2005 and 2015 are interpreted by GIS-ENVI, and the remote sensing images of TM / ETM are interpreted. The distribution map of ecological background elements in 2020 was simulated by using CA-Markov module in IDRISI. The evaluation model of urban ecological background quality was constructed by principal component analysis. The semi-variance function analysis of GS and the analysis of hot spots were carried out by circle analysis method. Grey relational analysis method is used to analyze and evaluate the spatial heterogeneity evolution of ecological background quality in the study area. The results show that the landscape ecological pattern of Changsha City has been formed in the whole of 1: 1, but the ecological background has been expanded under the construction land. The urban ecological background quality decreased from 0.3006 to 0.2571 (2005-2020), and the ecological background quality of Changsha City had a typical circle and axial gradient structure, which began to show a trend of high heterogeneity and fragmentation, and the urban ecological background quality decreased from 0.3006 to 0.2571 (2005-20 / 20). The "urban ecotone" is the most intensely evolved regional ecological background quality spatial structure with regional, time and direction difference. The regional spatial heterogeneity is the most important factor in the evolution of ecological background quality. The distribution of the hot spots in the evolution of ecological background quality is from the edge area to the peripheral area. The trend of "frog jump" is that the industrialization rate is the highest among the driving factors of ecological background quality. The ecological background quality of Yuelu district was the highest with the grey absolute correlation degree of industrialization rate 0.6031.
【作者单位】：西南交通大学建筑与设计学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51578454)
【分类号】：X826

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