气雾化辅助激光探针水体重金属元素成分分析研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 10:44

本文选题：激光探针　切入点：气雾化辅助　出处：《华中科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着工业经济的发展,水体重金属污染已经严重威胁到生态环境和人体健康。由于传统的水体重金属元素成分分析方法存在耗时长,装置复杂等缺陷,而无法对水体重金属污染进行实时在线分析。为弥补传统分析方法的不足,本文利用气雾化辅助激光探针技术,既利用激光探针技术的快速、实时、无需样品制备等优点,又有效克服了激光探针检测液态样品时的飞溅和液面波动等问题,实现了水体重金属元素的快速实时检测的目的。本文采用自主设计并搭建的气雾化辅助激光探针实验平台,并对主要实验参数,如离焦量、横向距离、激光能量、采集延时等进行了优化,在此基础上对铁矿采选工业污水的模拟样品中重金属元素进行了检测。结果表明,当离焦量为-0.25 mm、横向距离为2 mm、激光能量为100 mJ、采集延时为0.5μs的条件下,可获得比较理想的结果。进一步的分析可得铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、锰(Mn)、铬(Cr)、铅(Pb)检测极限分别为37.6、2.5、104.9、7、3.2和15.9 ppm,各元素定标曲线的线性拟合系数分别为0.989、0.9974、0.9475、0.9974、0.9969、0.9977。对比我国污水检测标准,其中铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、铬(Cr)三种元素的检测极限接近铁矿采选工业污水的排放标准。最后,引入共振激发技术,与气雾化共振辅助激光探针技术相结合,对铁矿采选工业模拟污水中的重金属元素进行选择性增强。获得了铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、铅(Pb)三种元素检测极限分别为0.2、1.1、0.4 ppm,线性拟合系数分别为0.998、0.9999、0.9999,达到铁矿采选工业污水排放标准。上述结果表明,本文所设计和研发发的气雾化辅助激光探针技术能对水体重金属污染进行有效的检测,为激光探针技术在水体重金属在线检测及应用提供了一条新途径。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrial economy, heavy metal pollution in water body has seriously threatened the ecological environment and human health. In order to make up for the deficiency of the traditional analysis methods, the gas atomization assisted laser probe technology is used in this paper, which makes use of the advantages of the laser probe technology, such as fast, real time, no sample preparation and so on. It also overcomes the problems of splash and liquid level fluctuation in the detection of liquid samples by laser probe, and realizes the purpose of rapid and real-time detection of metal elements of water weight. In this paper, an experimental platform of air-atomized laser probe is designed and built. The main experimental parameters, such as defocus, transverse distance, laser energy, acquisition delay and so on, are optimized. The heavy metal elements in the simulated samples of industrial sewage from iron ore mining are tested. When the defocus is -0.25 mm, the transverse distance is 2 mm, the laser energy is 100mJ, the acquisition delay is 0.5 渭 s, By further analysis, the detection limits of Fe (Fe), Cu (Cu), Zn (Zn), mn (mn), Cr (C) and Pb (Pb) were 37.6U 2.5N 104.9U 73.2 and 15.9 ppm, respectively. The linear fitting coefficients of calibration curves for each element were 0.9890.99740.9475U 0.99740.9974U 0.996990.99777.Compared with the standards of sewage detection in China, and the linear fitting coefficients of the calibration curves for each element were 0.9890.99740.9475U 0.9974U 0.9969109690.99777.Compared with the standards of sewage detection in China. The detection limit of the three elements, Cu (Cu), mn (mn), Cr (Cr), is close to the discharge standard of industrial sewage from iron ore mining and dressing. Finally, the resonance excitation technique is introduced and combined with the gas atomization assisted laser probe technology. The selectivity of heavy metal elements in simulated wastewater from iron ore mining and dressing industry was enhanced. The detection limits of Fe (Fe), mn (mn) and Pb (Pb) were found to be 0. 2 ~ 1. 1 ~ 0. 4 ppm, respectively. The linear fitting coefficient was 0. 998 ~ 0. 9999 ~ 9 ~ 0. 9999, respectively, which reached the discharge of wastewater from iron ore mining and dressing industry. Criteria. The above results show that, The gas atomization assisted laser probe technique designed and developed in this paper can effectively detect the heavy metal pollution in water body, which provides a new way for the on-line detection and application of laser probe technology to heavy metals in water body.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X832

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