制酒废弃物淋洗修复镉污染土壤研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 10:16

本文选题：制酒废弃物　切入点：土壤污染　出处：《四川农业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：化学修复技术是去除土壤重金属污染、降低土壤重金属含量的最佳途径之一。本研究选用了葡萄酒制酒废弃物和石榴酒制酒废弃物提取液(提取剂均为氯化钾溶液、硫酸铵溶液和醋酸铵溶液)为淋洗剂,以时间、pH、制酒废弃物浓度和液土比为试验条件,单次和多次振荡淋洗试验为研究方式,进行土壤镉污染的去除效果研究,筛选出最优条件并验证。以期为制酒废弃物用于镉污染土壤的场地修复工作提供理论基础与应用依据。主要研究结果如下：(1)同一试验条件下,葡萄酒废弃物的氯化钾提取液(WWSK)对镉污染土壤的去除效果最好,其次是葡萄酒废弃物的硫酸铵(WWSS)提取液,最差的葡萄酒废弃物的醋酸铵提取液(WWSC),但前两者的差异较小,因此,氯化钾与硫酸铵适合用作葡萄酒废弃物淋洗镉污染土壤的提取剂。WWSK的淋洗镉污染土壤的优化淋洗条件为,淋洗时间240分钟、pH为4、葡萄酒废弃物浓度15 gL-1、液土比15:1、振荡次数为三次：WWSS的优化淋洗条件为淋洗时间120分钟、pH为2、葡萄酒废弃物浓度60 gL-1、液土比10：1、振荡次数为四次;WWSC的优化淋洗条件为淋洗时间360分钟、pH为2、葡萄酒废弃物浓度15gL-1、液土比15：1、振荡次数为三次。(2)同一试验条件下,三种石榴酒废弃物提取液淋洗污染士壤镉的去除效果变化趋势是,石榴酒废弃物的氯化钾提取液(PWSSK)石榴酒废弃物的硫酸铵提取液(PWSSS)醋酸铵提取液(PWSSC),但前两者的差异较小,因此,氯化钾与硫酸铵适合用作石榴酒废弃物淋洗镉污染土壤的提取剂。PWSSK的淋洗镉污染土壤的优化淋洗条件为,淋洗时间120分钟、pH为3、石榴酒废弃物浓度60 gL-1、液土比5：1、振荡次数为四次；PWSSS的优化淋洗条件为淋洗时间60分钟、pH为2、石榴酒废弃物浓度60 gL-1、液土比10：1、振荡次数为四次;PWSSC的优化淋洗条件为时间120分钟、pH为2、石榴酒废弃物浓度15 gL-1、液土比20：1、振荡次数为四次。(3)优化条件下,六种组合淋洗剂的Cd去除率均较相对应常规条件下的明显提升,增幅为8.12%-558.1%,其中WWSK与PWWSK的增幅最大。与常规条件下的单次淋洗震荡相比,WWSK与PWWSK的Cd去除率分别增加49.31%、145.89%；与常规条件下的最优淋洗震荡次数相比,WWSK与PWWSK的Cd去除率分别增加15.56%、8.12%。因此,氯化钾对制酒废弃物能很好地提取其中的可溶性有机物,氯化钾与制酒废弃物中的可溶性有机物形成的组合液体淋洗剂适宜于土壤镉的淋洗修复。(4)优化条件下,各制酒废弃物提取液振荡淋洗镉污染土壤后,降低了全镉、尤其是非残渣态镉特别是交换态镉的含量,降低了交换态镉占全镉的比重,相对提高了残渣态镉占全镉的比重,对土壤中残留的镉起到了固化的作用,从而达到淋洗修复镉污染土壤的目的。
[Abstract]:Chemical remediation technology is one of the best ways to remove soil heavy metal pollution and reduce soil heavy metal content. Ammonium sulfate solution and ammonium acetate solution) were used as eluent, with pH of pH, concentration of wine waste and ratio of liquid to soil as experimental conditions, and single and multiple oscillatory leaching experiments were carried out to study the removal effect of soil cadmium pollution. The optimal conditions were screened out and verified. The purpose of this study was to provide the theoretical basis and application basis for the remediation of cadmium contaminated soil by wine making waste. The main results are as follows: 1) under the same experimental conditions, The potassium chloride extract from wine waste (WWSK) has the best effect on the removal of cadmium contaminated soil, followed by the ammonium sulfate (WWSS) extract from wine waste, and the ammonium acetate extract from the worst wine waste (WWSCN). However, the difference between the former two is small. Potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate are suitable for extracting cadmium contaminated soil from wine waste. WWSK can be used to elucidate cadmium contaminated soil. The optimal elution conditions were as follows: elution time 120 minutes, pH 2, wine waste concentration 60 g L -1, liquid soil ratio 10: 1, soil-liquid ratio 15: 1, shaking times 3: WWSS, pH 2, wine waste concentration 60 g L -1, liquid to soil ratio 10: 1, oscillation times 4. The optimal elution conditions of WWSC were as follows: leaching time 360 min pH 2, wine waste concentration 15g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 15: 1, oscillation times 3 times. The change trend of cadmium removal efficiency of three kinds of waste extracts of pomegranate wine is: the potassium chloride extract of pomegranate wine waste (PWSSK) the ammonium sulfate extract of pomegranate wine waste (PWSSS) ammonium acetate extract (PWSSCN), but the difference between the former two is relatively small, therefore, Potassium chloride and ammonium sulfate are suitable for extracting cadmium contaminated soil from pomegranate wine waste. PWSSK can be used to elucidate cadmium contaminated soil. The optimal elution conditions were as follows: elution time 60 minutes, pH 3, waste concentration of pomegranate wine 60 g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 5: 1, times of oscillation 4 times PWSSS, pH 2 60 minutes, waste concentration of pomegranate wine 60 g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 10: 1, oscillation times 4%. The optimum elution conditions of PWSSC were as follows: time 120 min, pH 2, waste concentration of pomegranate wine 15 g L -1, ratio of liquid to soil 20: 1, oscillation times 4 times. The CD removal rate of the six combinations of eluents was significantly higher than that of the corresponding conventional conditions. The increase was 8.12-558.1, of which WWSK and PWWSK had the largest increase. Compared with the conventional single leaching shock, the CD removal rates of WWSK and PWWSK increased by 49.31% and 145.89%, respectively, and the CD removal rates of WWSK and PWWSK increased by 15.5656 and 8.12, respectively, compared with the optimal times of leaching oscillations under conventional conditions. Potassium chloride can extract soluble organic matter from wine waste very well. The combination of potassium chloride and soluble organic matter in wine making waste is suitable for soil cadmium elution and remediation. After the soil was contaminated with cadmium by oscillating leaching of each liquor waste extract, the content of total cadmium, especially non-residual cadmium, especially exchangeable cadmium, was reduced, the proportion of exchangeable cadmium to total cadmium was decreased, and the proportion of residual cadmium to total cadmium was increased. The residual cadmium in the soil played a solidifying role to achieve the purpose of leaching and remediation of cadmium contaminated soil.
【学位授予单位】：四川农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X53

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