湖南省常德市畜禽粪污排放量估算与治理对策

发布时间：2018-03-12 16:32

本文选题：常德市　切入点：畜禽粪便　出处：《西南农业学报》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了解湖南省常德市畜禽粪便及其污染物排泄情况,为畜禽养殖业污染物防控与治理提供依据,以《2011湖南省常德市农村统计年鉴》中畜禽出栏数作为统计基数,根据畜禽粪便排放系数和粪lZ含量,估测了2011年湖南省常德市畜禽粪lZ排泄情况。结果表明,2011年湖南省常德市畜禽粪便产生总量792.97万t,尿液排泄总量441.71万t,COD(化学需氧量)33.16万t,BOD(生化需氧量)29.98万t,NH3-N 2.48万t,总磷4.36万t,总氮8.21万t;畜禽粪便Zn、Cu、Cr、Pb、Cd、Ni、As、Hg的排泄量分别为284.36、217.13、32.61、36.86、6.05、33.44、5.43、0.29 t;2011年湖南省常德市畜禽粪便排泄抗生素总量22.23 t,其中四环素类、喹诺酮类和磺胺类分别为15.94、0.413和5.87 t,鸡粪是抗生素排泄的主体,占抗生素总排泄数的49%,四环素占总抗生素排泄量的71.72%;2011年湖南省常德市畜禽粪便发酵产气总量约为77 002万m~3。畜禽养殖业粪lZ排泄量巨大,危害严重,在实践中应坚持减量化、无害化和资源化三原则,倡导畜禽健康养殖新理念。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the excretion of animal manure and pollutants in Changde City, Hunan Province, and to provide the basis for the prevention and control of pollutants in livestock and poultry breeding industry, the number of livestock and poultry in the Statistical Yearbook of Changde City, Hunan Province in 2011 was taken as the statistical base. According to the excretion coefficient of livestock and poultry feces and the content of lZ in feces, In 2011, the excretion of livestock manure lZ in Changde City, Hunan Province was estimated. The results showed that in 2011, the total production of livestock and poultry feces in Changde City, Hunan Province, was seven million nine hundred and twenty-nine thousand and seven hundred t, and the total excretion of urine was four million four hundred and seventeen thousand and one hundred t COD (Chemical oxygen demand) 331,600 tbod (biochemical oxygen demand) 299,800 t NH 3-N 24,800. In 2011, the excretion amount of ZnCuCuCuCrPbCrPbPbPbCbPbCDN and NibCbCCDN in livestock feces was 284.36 ~ 217.13 ~ (32. 13) ~ 32. 61C ~ (36) 86.86 ~ 6.033 ~ 33 ~ 33 ~ (34) ~ 5. 43 ~ 0 ~ (29) t; in 2011, the total amount of antibiotics excreted by livestock and poultry feces in Changde City, Hunan Province, was 22.23 t, of which tetracycline was found to be a tetracycline group. Quinolones and sulfanilamides were 15.94, 0.413 and 5.87 t, respectively. Chicken manure was the main excretion of antibiotics. In 2011, the total gas production of animal manure fermentation in Changde City, Hunan Province was about 770.02 million mm3. The excretion amount of feces in livestock and poultry breeding industry was huge and the harm was serious, so we should persist in reducing the quantity of feces in practice, because tetracycline accounted for 71.72% of the total antibiotic excretion, and in 2011, the total gas production of animal manure fermentation in Changde City, Hunan Province was about 770.02 million mm2. The three principles of innocuity and resource utilization advocate the new concept of healthy breeding of livestock and poultry.
【作者单位】：湖南文理学院生命与环境科学学院动物学湖南省高校重点实验室;常德市武陵区畜牧兽医水产局;
【基金】：2014年湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究项目(湘教通[2014]247号,No.400) 2014年湖南文理学院教学改革研究重点项目(JGZD1410) 2014年常德市科技计划项目(2014JF18)
【分类号】：X713

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