印制电路板企业清洁生产水平与生态效率的分析

发布时间：2018-03-14 15:33

本文选题：印制电路板　切入点：清洁生产　出处：《南京师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今社会工业产业的发展并不应以单纯的经济指标来衡量,其产生的社会影响与环境影响也应受到关注。随着我国印制电路板产业的蓬勃发展,印制电路板产业的高污染特性与环境保护的矛盾逐渐突出,如何能够协调印制电路板企业的经济效益、社会效益以及环境效益的共同发展是当前的热点问题。鉴于我国印制电路板企业当前的生产现状和造成的环境影响没有直观地表征方式,本文建立了印制电路板企业的清洁生产评价模型与生态效率评价模型,多角度、全方面地对印制电路板企业的环境影响进行了评价,对综合衡量印制电路板产业的发展提供了较为详实的依据。本文以印制电路板产业为研究对象,以清洁生产与生态效率为手段,分析评价了印制电路板企业生产对环境的影响。研究了印制电路板企业的生产工艺流程、产污环节以及其清洁生产与生态效率的内涵,建立了定性与定量相结合的清洁生产评价指标体系与以资源、能源与污染物排放指标为表征的生态效率评价模型。并运用以上方法对江苏省某些印制电路板企业进行评价,从不同角度与层面对其分析和比较得出以下结论：(1)通过研究印制电路板企业产品产生的工艺流程、产污环节以及其主要污染物,分析得出我国印制电路板企业存在资源消耗多、造成环境污染大的现状。因此,对PCB企业进行环境现状调查与评价,响应发展循环经济的政策是十分必要的。(2)运用层次分析法,专家打分法等方法建立印制电路板企业的清洁生产评价指标体系。江苏地区的印制电路板企业的清洁生产水平基本处于同一水平,印制电路板企业清洁生产水平提升最主要的限制因素是工业用水重复利用率和单位印制电路板的废水中污染物产生量等指标。(3)基于生态效率的基本概念,借助工业代谢分析的方法,构建印制电路板企业生态效率模型。水资源及相关能源消耗过多与重复利用水利用效率低是影响当今印制电路板企业生态效率的主要方面。印制电路板企业的环境污染问题应受到更多的关注,了解当前国内印制电路板企业的生产与环境现状,在源头减少污染物产生的可能性,在生产过程中控制污染物的产生,兼顾末端治理,达标排放,降低末端治理成本；尽量选用无污染、少污染的原料和燃料,在生产工艺前和生产过程中能够最大限度地消除各种污染物。为提高印制电路板企业清洁生产水平与生态效率提供一定的科学依据,为减小印制电路板企业对环境的不良影响做出一定的贡献。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the development of industrial industry should not be measured by simple economic indicators, but its social and environmental impacts should also be paid attention to. With the rapid development of printed circuit board industry in China, The contradiction between the high pollution characteristics of printed circuit board industry and environmental protection is becoming more and more prominent. How to coordinate the economic benefits of printed circuit board enterprises? The common development of social benefits and environmental benefits is a hot issue at present. In view of the current production situation and environmental impact of printed circuit board enterprises in China, there is no intuitive way to characterize it. In this paper, the evaluation model of cleaner production and ecological efficiency of printed circuit board enterprises is established, and the environmental impact of printed circuit board enterprises is evaluated from many angles and all aspects. This paper takes the printed circuit board industry as the research object, takes cleaner production and ecological efficiency as the means, and provides a more detailed basis for the comprehensive measurement of the development of the printed circuit board industry. This paper analyzes and evaluates the influence of PCB production on the environment, and studies the production process, pollution production and the connotation of clean production and ecological efficiency of PCB enterprises. A qualitative and quantitative evaluation index system for cleaner production and an ecological efficiency evaluation model characterized by resource, energy and pollutant emission indexes were established. The above methods were used to evaluate some PCB enterprises in Jiangsu Province. By analyzing and comparing them from different angles and levels, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) by studying the technological process, pollution production and its main pollutants produced by printed circuit board enterprises, it is concluded that there are many resource consumption in printed circuit board enterprises in our country. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate and evaluate the environmental status of PCB enterprises and to respond to the policy of developing circular economy. The expert scoring method and other methods have been used to establish the evaluation index system of cleaner production for printed circuit board enterprises. The level of cleaner production of printed circuit board enterprises in Jiangsu is basically at the same level. The most important limiting factors to improve the level of clean production in PCB enterprises are the reuse rate of industrial water and the amount of pollutants produced in the wastewater of printed circuit board (PCB), which is based on the basic concept of ecological efficiency. With the help of industrial metabolic analysis, The ecological efficiency model of printed circuit board enterprises is constructed. The excessive consumption of water resources and related energy resources and the low efficiency of water reuse are the main aspects that affect the ecological efficiency of printed circuit board enterprises. The loop of printed circuit board enterprises. Border pollution should receive more attention. To understand the current production and environmental situation of domestic PCB enterprises, reduce the possibility of pollutant generation at the source, control the production of pollutants in the production process, give consideration to the end treatment, meet the standards of discharge, reduce the cost of end treatment; Selecting raw materials and fuels without pollution and less pollution as far as possible can eliminate all kinds of pollutants to the maximum extent before and during the production process. It provides certain scientific basis for improving the level of clean production and ecological efficiency of printed circuit board enterprises. In order to reduce the negative impact of PCB enterprises on the environment to make a certain contribution.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F426.84;X38

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