强化脱氮人工湿地处理分散养猪冲洗水特性研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 21:42

本文选题：分散养猪冲洗水　切入点：人工湿地　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：针对南方丘陵地区农村分散养猪冲洗水的富含氮磷的水质特点和无序排放特征,在经济可行和操作方便的原则下,以生物沸石的吸附-再生动态平衡和纤维素类有机碳源为基础,以ABR-功能分区型人工湿地强化总氮去除区出水(氨氮约150mg/L)为处理对象,研究功能分区型人工湿地的强化硝化区和强化反硝化区处理分散养猪冲洗水的性能和脱氮除磷机制,考察了低温条件下ABR-功能分区型人工湿地(包含强化总氮去除区、强化硝化区和强化反硝化区)集成工艺处理分散养猪冲洗水的性能,同时采用16 s核糖体DNA全序列分析对湿地不同单元的微生物多样性进行解析。主要研究结论如下:(1)功能分区型人工湿地的强化硝化区启动时间约为2个月,启动后沸石层复氧效果良好,硝氮的生成速率稳定,可以实现沸石对氨氮的快速吸附-生物再生动态平衡,最大硝化速率可达0.0259kg/(m3·d)。(2)功能分区型人工湿地强化硝化区的主要脱氮途径为硝化/反硝化作用,其次为沸石吸附,分别占湿地除氮的58.43%和33.29%,微生物同化及植物吸收的作用较小。人工湿地的主要除磷方式为基质吸附,其中砖渣吸附除磷占84.33%,沸石吸附除磷占12.86%,植物吸收与微生物同化作用仅占2.81%。(3)功能分区型人工湿地的强化反硝化区(以稻秆为固体碳源)能实现硝氮的稳定去除,去除率可高达95%,最高反硝化速率为0.0579 kg/(m3·d),且出水无亚硝氮累积。初次填充的稻秆能稳定持续的为反硝化提供3个月的碳源,随后需每个月补充一次,每次的补加量为2kg左右。(4)低温条件下ABR-功能分区型人工湿地集成工艺处理养猪冲洗水时,COD、氨氮、SS、TN、TP及粪大肠肝菌分别由2390mg/L、137mg/L、991mg/L、224mg/L、49mg/L和509×104个/L降至108mg/L、45mg/L、102mg/L、58mg/L、6mg/L和1×104个/L以下,均低于《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》(GB18596-2001)的排放限值,去除率分别为95.45%、67.22%、89.71%、74.12%、87.76%和99.80%。(5)强化硝化区沸石表面的优势菌为Proteobacteria(变形菌门)、Nitrospirae(硝化螺菌门),砖渣表面的优势菌主要有Firmicutes(厚壁菌门)、Proteobacteria(变形菌门)。强化反硝化区稻秆表面的主要菌为Chloroflexi(绿弯菌门)、Bacteroidetes(拟杆菌门)、Proteobacteria和Fibrobacteres(纤维杆菌门),砖渣表面的主要菌为Firmicutes、Proteobacteria和Bacteroidetes。
[Abstract]:According to the characteristics of the water rich in nitrogen and phosphorus in rural hilly area scattered pig washing water and disordered emission characteristics, in the economical and convenient operation under the principle of using biological zeolite adsorption regeneration and dynamic balance of cellulose based organic carbon source, with ABR- function partition type artificial wetland to strengthen the total nitrogen removal area (ammonia water about 150mg/L) as treatment object, functional division of wetland nitrification zone and enhanced denitrification zone processing performance of the washing water and disperse pig removal mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus, was investigated under the condition of low temperature ABR- function partition type artificial wetland (including enhanced nitrogen removal, nitrification and denitrification in strengthening integrated area) process of washing water dispersion of pig, using 16 S ribosomal DNA sequence analysis of different wetland unit microbial diversity analysis. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Function partition type artificial wetland to strengthen the starting time of nitrification zone is about 2 months after the start of reoxygenation, the zeolite layer effect is good, the formation rate of stable nitrogen, can achieve rapid zeolite on the ammonia adsorption biological regeneration dynamic balance, the maximum nitrification rate can reach 0.0259kg/ (M3 - D). (2) the function partition type the main area of artificial wetland nitrification denitrification pathways for nitrification and denitrification, followed by zeolite adsorption, respectively accounted for 58.43% and 33.29% wetland nitrogen removal, microbial assimilation and smaller plants. The main ways of artificial wetland for phosphorus adsorption, the adsorption of phosphorus slag brick accounted for 84.33%, accounting for the adsorption of phosphorus removal 12.86%, plant uptake and microbial assimilation accounted for only 2.81%. (3) enhanced denitrification function zone type artificial wetland (using rice straw as solid carbon source) can realize denitrification for nitrogen removal, the removal rate can be as high as 95%, the highest denitrification The rate is 0.0579 kg/ (M3 - D), and the effluent without nitrite accumulation. Rice straw can be sustained and stable initial fill for denitrification provides 3 months of carbon source, then to be added once a month, adding amount each time was about 2kg. (4) ABR- function partition type artificial wetland the integration process of pig washing water, ammonia, COD, SS, TN under low temperature, TP and fecal coliform bacteria respectively by 2390mg/L, 137mg/L, 991mg/L, 224mg/L, 49mg/L and 509 * 104 /L to 108mg/L, 45mg/L, 102mg/L, 58mg/L, 6mg/L and 1 * 104 /L, were lower than the emission "the standard of pollutants for livestock and poultry breeding > (GB18596-2001) emission limits, the removal rates were 95.45%, 67.22%, 89.71%, 74.12%, 87.76% and 99.80%. (5) to strengthen the dominant bacteria nitrification zone of zeolite surface Proteobacteria (Proteobacteria), Nitrospirae (nitrification magneticum gate), dominant surface brick slag are Firmicutes (Firmicutes), Proteobac Teria (Proteobacteria). The main bacteria on the surface of rice straw in the intensified denitrification area are Chloroflexi (Bacteroidetes), Proteobacteria and Fibrobacteres (fibrobacilli), and the main bacteria on the surface of bricks are Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes..

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X713

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