杭州市大气细颗粒物中邻苯二甲酸酯与正构烷烃的污染状况分析

发布时间：2018-03-17 03:10

本文选题：邻苯二甲酸酯　切入点：正构烷烃　出处：《浙江工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：由于环境污染造成的雾霾已引起全国各界的高度重视,为进一步探究杭州市大气细颗粒物中正构烷烃与PAEs的污染特征,本研究分别在杭州市设立两个采样点,位于市区居民区与工业区附近的居民区,采用不同的采样器采集不同粒径的细颗粒物,对杭州市秋冬季的细颗粒物样品经索式提取、层析柱净化、氮吹的前处理后,用GC-MS分析PAEs、正构烷烃的污染特征。研究表明:1、2014年秋季10月与冬季12月杭州市工业区与市中心所在居民区两个采样点PM_(2.5)中PAEs主要以DBP、DEHP、BBP含量为主,冬季PAEs总量普遍高于秋季,说明季节变化对污染物扩散产生抑制,冬季污染物易聚集造成重雾霾天气。2、PAEs中DBP含量最高,冬季最高可达1317.62ng/m3,秋季最高可达888.62ng/m3,DEHP含量次之,BBP含量秋季冬季几乎持平,市区PAEs含量整体较工业区偏低,证明工业区易产生PAEs的污染源较多。3、对冬季重雾霾时段13级分级采样发现,杭州市冬季大气颗粒物中0.400~1.600μm的颗粒物与其他粒径相比占较大比例。DBP主要被吸附于粒径为0.650~1.600μm的颗粒物上,DEHP主要被吸附于粒径为0.400~1.600μm的颗粒物上,PAEs主要吸附于1.6μm的颗粒物上。4、杭州市秋季工业区正构烷烃浓度为81.25~612.56ng/m3,冬季为178.24~995.73ng/m3,秋季市中心浓度为161.51~825.25ng/m3,冬季市中心浓度为480.46~1475.36 ng/m3。秋冬季变化趋势为冬季秋季,市中心浓度高于工业区,可能与城市汽车保有量大,车流量大有关联。5、杭州市正构烷烃主要来自于人为源的影响,尤其是位于市区的采样点,CPI值与1接近,代表市区的正构烷烃主要来源于石油、化石燃料与汽车尾气。6、杭州市市区冬季13级颗粒物的正构烷烃浓度,在粒径2.5μm至10.0μm的颗粒物中,正构烷烃浓度最低,而在0.650~1.000μm达到最高值。正构烷烃主要分布在粒径小于2.5μm的颗粒物中,且PM1.0中占比更高,说明细颗粒物更易富集正构烷烃。7、在13级不同粒径颗粒物样品中,正构烷烃大多以C22或C24为主峰碳,PM1.0主要来自汽车尾气、化石燃烧等人为源,粒径在2.5μm~9.970μm的颗粒物主要来自生物源。
[Abstract]:Due to the environmental pollution caused by the haze has attracted great attention from all walks of life, to further explore the pollution characteristics of atmospheric particulates in Hangzhou city in n-alkanes and PAEs, this paper established two sampling points in Hangzhou City, located near downtown residential area and industrial area residents, using different fine sampler particles of different sizes, in autumn and winter in Hangzhou's fine particle samples by Soxhlet extraction, column chromatography purification, nitrogen blowing after pretreatment with GC-MS, PAEs analysis, pollution characteristics of n-alkanes. Research shows that: 12014 in autumn October and winter December in Hangzhou City Industrial Zone and the city residential areas two sampling points of PM_ (2.5) PAEs DBP DEHP, mainly, the main content is BBP, the total PAEs is generally higher than in autumn winter, seasonal changes that inhibit the diffusion of pollutants, pollution caused by heavy winter fog and haze prone to aggregation,.2, PAEs The content of DBP in winter is highest, up to 1317.62ng/m3, the fall of up to 888.62ng/m3, DEHP content, BBP content in autumn winter is almost the same, the content of PAEs is low in the whole industrial zone, that there are many pollution sources in.3 industrial area, easy to produce PAEs, the winter period heavy haze 13 classification sampling found that atmospheric particulate particles in Hangzhou in winter. In 0.400~1.600 m and other size compared accounted for a large proportion of.DBP was mainly adsorbed on the particle size of particles of 0.650~1.600 m, DEHP is mainly adsorbed on the particle size of 0.400~1.600 particles M, PAEs particles mainly adsorbed on the 1.6 m.4, autumn in Hangzhou City Industrial Zone of n-alkane concentration was 81.25~612.56ng/m3 and 178.24~995.73ng/m3 in winter, autumn downtown concentration is 161.51~825.25ng/m3, the concentration of autumn and winter winter city changes of 480.46~1475.36 ng/m3. trend for winter, autumn, The center concentration is higher than the industrial area, and city car ownership, traffic is related to.5, the impact of Hangzhou City n-alkanes mainly from anthropogenic sources, especially the sampling points in the urban areas, and the CPI value close to 1, representing the city of n-alkanes mainly derived from petroleum, fossil fuel and automobile exhaust.6, the concentration of n-alkanes in the urban area of Hangzhou city in winter 13 particles, the particle size of 2.5 mu m to 10 mu m, the lowest concentration of n-alkanes, and reached the highest value at 0.650~1.000 m. Particulate n-alkanes are mainly distributed in the size of less than 2.5 m, than higher and accounted for PM1.0, that fine particles more enriched alkanes.7, in 13 different diameter particles in the sample, n-alkanes are mostly C22 or C24 as the main peak carbon, PM1.0 mainly from vehicle exhaust, from man-made sources such as the combustion, particle size of particles of 2.5 mu m~9.970 mu m mainly from students Source.

【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X513

【相似文献】