阳离子交换膜的制备及其在微生物燃料电池的应用

发布时间：2018-03-17 05:03

本文选题：微生物燃料电池(MFC)　切入点：阳离子交换膜　出处：《南京理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：环境污染和能源短缺问题越来越严重,能同时处理污废水和产生能源的微生物燃料电池(MFC)被广泛关注和研究。MFC的原理是利用活性微生物降解有机底物(污废水中的污染物),同时得到可利用的能源,例如电能或氢能等。但由于MFC的输出功率低,成本高,使得MFC实际应用受到限制。所以研究如何提高MFC的输出功率成为推进MFC实际应用的重要方向。主要围绕MFC所用的阳离子交换膜及MFC的影响因子展开研究。磺化聚芳醚砜(SPAES)和磺化聚酰亚胺(SPI)膜具有良好的电导率和机械性能,将其应用于MFC中,结果表明：在短期内,MFC的性能主要受离子交换容量(IEC)的影响：IEC高,MFC的内阻低,输出功率密度高,这主要由于膜的质子传导能力和阳极微生物的附着生长的影响。在长期运行中,MFC的输出功率主要跟膜的电导率、阳极微生物和膜的污染有关。高IEC的膜,由于具有更多磺酸基团,膜的亲水性和生物相容性增加,使得膜的抗污能力降低。比较SPAES、SPI膜和商用阳离子交换膜(CEM)在MFC中的性能,SPAES和SPI膜都表现出优于CEM的膜性能和电池性能。同时也研究了操作条件对MFC性能的影响,结果表明：阴极电子受体K3Fe(CN)6浓度为50mM,阳极电极表面积为60cm2,阳离子膜用酸预处理以及增大阳极液体积时,得到的MFC的输出功率密度最大。不锈钢丝网在MFC的长期运行中会发生电化学反应和腐蚀,对微生物产生毒害作用,从而降低MFC的输出功率。选择性能优异的膜材料和最优的操作条件能有效提高MFC的输出功率,有望使得MFC得到实际应用。
[Abstract]:Environmental pollution and energy shortages are becoming more and more serious. Microbial fuel cell (MFC), which can treat wastewater and generate energy at the same time, has been widely concerned and studied. The principle of .MFC is to use active microorganisms to degrade organic substrates (pollutants in wastewater) and to obtain available energy. For example, electric energy or hydrogen energy, etc., but because of the low output power of MFC, the cost is high. Therefore, how to improve the output power of MFC has become an important direction to promote the practical application of MFC. The study mainly focuses on the cationic exchange membrane used in MFC and the influence factors of MFC. Sulfonation Polymerization. Aryl ether sulfone SPAESs and sulfonated polyimide (SPI) membranes have good electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. The results show that the performance of MFC is mainly affected by the ion exchange capacity (IEC) in the short term, and the internal resistance is low and the output power density is high. This is mainly due to the proton conductivity of the membrane and the effect of the adhesion and growth of the anode microorganism. The output power of the membrane is mainly related to the conductivity of the membrane, the microorganism of the anode and the fouling of the membrane. With more sulfonic groups, the hydrophilicity and biocompatibility of the membranes increased, The antifouling ability of SPAESS-SPI membrane and commercial cationic exchange membrane (CEM) in MFC were compared. The performance of spas and SPI was better than that of CEM. The effect of operating conditions on the performance of MFC was also studied. The results show that the concentration of cathode electron receptor K _ 3FeN _ (6) is 50 mm, the surface area of anode electrode is 60 cm ~ (2). When the cationic membrane is pretreated with acid and increases the volume of anodic solution, The output power density of the obtained MFC is the highest. The stainless steel wire mesh will occur electrochemical reaction and corrosion in the long run of MFC, which will have toxic effect on microorganism. Thus, the output power of MFC can be reduced, and the excellent membrane material and the optimal operating conditions can effectively increase the output power of MFC, which is expected to make MFC be applied in practice.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TM911.45;X703

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