基于给水污泥基持的人工湿地去除水中磷的试验研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 08:33

  本文选题：给水污泥　切入点：磷　出处：《兰州交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随社会经济发展,保护资源环境和保障生产生活安全的公益性需要社会化治理,实现废弃物的减量化、无害化、资源化和能源化已成为许多国家努力的目标,给水污泥作为自来水厂絮凝剂沉淀形成的产物,存在产生数量庞大、处理处置不够完善等问题,对生态环境与人群健康造成潜在危害,因此探讨给水污泥的资源化利用成为目前自来水厂亟待解决的问题之一。本研究以给水污泥为研究对象,根据其物化性质开展给水污泥对磷的静态吸附特性研究,探讨了溶液初始浓度、粒径、pH、投加量等因素对吸附的影响,通过基础实验研究,将给水污泥制备成复合填料用于人工湿地,进行基于给水污泥基质的人工湿地处理农村生活污水的生产性试验,结果表明:1、给水污泥表征实验采用SEM/XRD和EDS等表征方法,对给水污泥的表面形貌和结构特征进行表征和分析。分析结果表明,基质表面粗糙,表面是由许多片状形态构成且结构组成碎裂松散;主要元素组成为O、Si、C、Al,质量分数约占基质组成的90%,其次,Fe、Ca的含量也较高;主要成分为SiO2晶体,有少量的AlPO4晶体存在,主要成分为SiO2、Al2SiO5(OH)2、Fe3FeSiO4(OH)5,表明基质里的铁、铝等元素主要是以非晶态形式存在。2、给水污泥吸附试验给水污泥吸附材料,对模拟含磷废水进行了吸附研究。在单因素实验基础上,采用4因素4水平的正交实验设计方法,研究了材料的粒径、投加量和溶液pH以及吸附时间对除磷效果的影响。正交实验与单因素实验结果表明最佳实验方案为:pH为3,粒径1.98mm,投加量8.0g/L,吸附时间24h。基于单因素和正交实验结果,选取投加量、pH和粒径3种影响因素为影响因子,以磷的去除率为响应值,采用Box-Behnken响应面分析法(BBD)研究了3种因素对磷去除率的影响以及各因素间的交互作用。建立了二次多项式回归方程预测模型,成功预测出最佳除磷工艺条件为污泥投加量3.88g/L,pH=3.00,粒径1.00mm,该条件下磷的去除率可达95.13%。因此,响应面分析法是优化给水污泥吸附除磷工艺的可行方法。3、动力学热力学实验对给水污泥基质进行等温吸附、吸附动力学和热力学实验,研究基质对磷的吸附机理。Langmuir、Freundlich和D-R方程均能较好的拟合基质对磷的吸附特征,从相关系数来看,Freundlich方程的描述更准确。在298K、308K、318K温度下,Langmuir拟合得到的理论饱和吸附量分别为3.47mg/g,3.84mg/g,4.39mg/g。由D-R方程计算的吸附自由能E为10.77-10.83 kJ/mol,表明吸附过程为离子交换吸附。准二级动力学方程能更准确的反应基质对磷的吸附动力学特征;颗粒内扩散方程表明,吸附过程受两个步骤控制:液膜扩散和孔道内扩散。热力学计算结果:ΔG00,ΔH00,表明吸附是自发的吸热反应。4、生产性试验结合正交实验、响应面优化的结果以及课题组专利技术制备出给水污泥符合填料,将其用于潜流人工湿地处理农村生活污水。在强化化粪池组合给水污泥基质的人工湿地运行期间,该组合工艺对该地区农村生活污水具有较好的处理效果。其中,当TP进水浓度范围在12.41~15.34mg/L之间时,出水浓度在0.21~0.76mg/L,系统对TP的去除率能够保持在90%以上;当NH4+-N进水浓度范围在122~143mg/L之间时,出水浓度范围在13~29mg/L之间,系统对NH4+-N的去除率保持在79~90%之间;当CODCr进水浓度范围在153~192mg/L之间时,出水浓度在31~54mg/L之间,湿地对CODCr的去除率在70%以上。
[Abstract]:With the social and economic development, protect the environment and ensure the production and life safety of public welfare needs of social governance, to achieve waste reduction, harmless, resources and energy has become the goal of many countries, the water tap water plant sludge as flocculant precipitate to form the product, there have a large number of problems of disposal is not perfect so, cause potential harm to health ecological environment and population, resource utilization of sludge water therefore becomes one of the problems to be solved. Tap water factory based on the water supply sludge as the research object, according to their physicochemical properties research on static adsorption characteristics of phosphorus in water and sludge, the effects of the initial solution concentration, particle size. Effects of pH, dosage and other factors on the adsorption, through the experimental study foundation, the water supply sludge prepared into composite filler for artificial wetland, based on water supply Sludge artificial wetland for treatment of rural domestic sewage production test, the results showed that: 1, water supply sludge characterization experiments using SEM/XRD and EDS methods, the surface morphology and structural characteristics of the water supply sludge were characterized and analyzed. The analysis results show that the matrix of rough surface, the surface is composed of many forms and sheet structure broken loose; main elements O, Si, C, Al, the mass fraction of about 90% matrix composition, secondly, Fe, Ca content is higher; the main components of SiO2 crystal, AlPO4 crystal is small, the main composition is SiO2, Al2SiO5 (OH) 2, Fe3FeSiO4 (OH) 5. Show that the matrix of iron, aluminum and other elements mainly exist in the form of amorphous.2, sludge adsorption test water sludge adsorption material, simulated Phosphorus Wastewater by adsorption research. Based on single factor test, orthogonal experimental design with 4 factors and 4 levels The research method, the grain size of the material, effects of dosage and pH of the solution and adsorption time on phosphorus removal. The orthogonal experiment and single factor experiment results show that the best experimental program: pH 3, 1.98mm particle size, the dosage of 8.0g/L, adsorption time 24h. single factor and orthogonal experimental results based on the selected dosage the amount of factors, pH and particle size of 3 kinds of influence as influencing factors, the phosphorus removal rate as the response value, using the Box-Behnken method of response surface analysis (BBD) of the 3 factor interaction and the influence of the removal rate of phosphorus. Among the factors established two polynomial regression equation prediction model, prediction of success the best conditions for phosphorus removal sludge dosage of 3.88g/L, pH=3.00, 1.00mm in diameter, under this condition, the removal rate of phosphorus is 95.13%. therefore, response surface analysis method is a feasible method for the optimization of water adsorption on sludge removal process.3, kinetics of thermal mechanical experiments on water pollution 娉ュ熀璐ㄨ繘琛岀瓑娓╁惛闄，

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