贝壳表面微结构特征分析研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 06:09

本文选题：贝壳　切入点：表面微结构　出处：《大连海洋大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：海洋污损生物的的附着问题近年来受到广泛关注,大量的调查研究发现贝壳表面有良好的抗海洋污损作用,已有资料表明其抗污损能力与贝壳表面的微结构有密切联系。本文以大连周边海域的十种常见贝壳为研究对象,基于分形理论和明暗恢复形状(SFS)三维重建分析,用分形维数和贝壳表面高度参数表征其表面微结构特征。通过比较分析不同贝壳表面结构的差异和贝壳不同位置表面结构的差异,为海洋生物表面仿生防污提供理论支持。本文的主要结论如下:(1)提出有效测量并表征贝壳表面微结构的方法,用分形维数、表面均方根偏差R3q、表面高度偏斜度Ssk和陡峭度Sku来描述贝壳表面微结构粗糙度和微观表面凹凸情况。表面均方根偏差R3q和分形维数有相反的关系,即R3q越大对应的分形维数越小,反之越大,表明分形维数可以用来评定贝壳的表面粗糙度;(2)从收集的大量贝壳标本发现,波纹巴非蛤表面干净整齐,相比而言栉孔扇贝却常见污损生物的附着,然而二者的分形维数却相差不大,表明海洋贝壳的抗污性不能仅仅用分形维数来衡量,更与表面结构的凸起和凹槽结构有关;(3)对于具有明显放射肋的蚶科贝壳和扇贝科贝壳,分析发现蚶科贝壳的表面高度偏斜度Ssk小于零,扇贝科大于零,说明蚶科贝壳的表面有更多的凹形结构,而扇贝科表面有较多的凸起结构,这可能与蚶科贝壳表面长有粗糙的壳毛这一现象有关;(4)不同贝壳表面及同种贝壳表面不同位置的分形维数都在1.8-2.0范围内,其差异不大但同种贝壳不同局部都有所差异。对于同种贝壳,靠近壳顶的壳上部位分形维数较大,且对应的表面均方根偏差较大,表明靠近壳上位置较粗糙,不同的贝壳粗糙度有所不同,但基本都符合这一规律。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the problem of the adhesion of marine fouling organisms has received extensive attention. A large number of investigations have found that the shell surface has a good anti-marine fouling effect. It has been shown that the anti-fouling ability is closely related to the microstructure of the shell surface. In this paper, ten common shells in the sea area around Dalian are studied, based on the fractal theory and the three-dimensional reconstruction analysis of shaded shape restoration (SFS). Fractal dimension and shell surface height parameters were used to characterize the surface microstructure. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) A method for effectively measuring and characterizing the microstructures of shell surfaces is proposed, using fractal dimension. The surface root-mean-square deviation (R3Q), surface highly skew degree (Ssk) and steepness degree (Sku) are used to describe the surface roughness of the shell surface and the concave and convex conditions of the micro-surface. The R3q deviation of the surface root-mean-square has the opposite relationship with the fractal dimension. That is, the larger the R3q, the smaller the corresponding fractal dimension, and the bigger the opposite, which indicates that the fractal dimension can be used to evaluate the surface roughness of the shell. In contrast, scallop chlamys farreri usually attach to fouling organisms, but the fractal dimension of the two is not different, indicating that the anti-fouling ability of marine shells can not be measured by fractal dimension alone. For the clams and scallop shells with obvious radiating ribs, it is found that the surface height deflection degree of the clams is less than zero, and that of the scallop is higher than zero. It shows that there are more concave structures on the surface of the clams and more bulging structures on the scallop. This may be related to the coarse shell hair on the surface of the clams.) the fractal dimensions of different shell surfaces and different positions of the same shell surface are in the range of 1.8-2.0. For the same shell, the fractal dimension of the shell near the top of the shell is larger, and the deviation of the surface root mean square (RMS) of the corresponding surface is larger, which indicates that the position near the shell is rough. The roughness of different shells is different, but basically accords with this rule.
【学位授予单位】：大连海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S917.4;X55

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