改进SWAT模型在锑矿区土水界面流锑污染负荷模拟中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 02:08

本文选题：SWAT模型　切入点：迁移转化模型　出处：《湖南科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：新世纪以来,随着社会的高速发展与科技的突飞猛进,人类对资源的需求量大大的提高,特别是重金属的利用量也越来越多。重金属污染问题已成为当今环境地球化学领域研讨的热点内容,各国研究学者开始热切关注重金属对土壤、水体和大气的污染以及对农业生态的危害。目前我国缺少针对锑矿的开采制定有效的管理制度,以及过度使用锑矿,导致矿区及其周边环境中的锑的含量超标,严重威胁人类自身的健康和生态系统的平衡。本文以冷水江市闪星锑矿地区为主要研究区,根据研究区环境的特征进行现场调查后制定研究区采样方案,结合Arc GIS技术构建SWAT模型能够识别的空间和属性数据库,利用Fortran语言编译重金属迁移转化模型程序与模型进行耦合从而构建研究区土-水界面重金属污染流污染负荷模拟改进SWAT模型,最后对模型进行调参优化来模拟锑矿区土水界面流中重金属锑的污染负荷,为研究区锑污染的评定与防治提供理论依据。主要研究结果如下:1.锑矿区2013-2014年泥沙的年均输出量为291.98万t/a,主要集中在2013年9月和2014年1、2月,输出总量达150.47万t/a,占年输出总量的51.5%。2013-2014年锑矿区年均径流总量是239.27m3/s,2013年9、10月及2014年2-4月月径流量较大,占年径流总量的59.3%。2.研究区2014年锑污染负荷总量为2118.84kg,其中2014年重金属锑污染主要集中在1、2、7和8月,污染负荷总量为1494.81kg,占年污染负荷总量的70.55%。3.研究区重金属锑年污染负荷主要集中分布在中部方向。研究区中闪星锑矿冶炼厂、尾矿填埋场和一座开采矿山为锑年污染负荷最高区域(240-399.99kg)。锑矿区主要的运输路线、待采矿山和矿渣堆放区年污染负荷较高(70-239.99kg)。矿区周边的居民区和农田区锑年污染负荷较低(0-70kg)。目前计算机技术发展迅猛,SWAT模型在重金属污染中的应用越来越受到诸多科研人员的重视,改进SWAT模型可以考虑重金属在土水界面流中的竖向扩散和横向扩散,构建二维或者三维迁移转化模型,以此提高转化机理的准确度,从而使SWAT改进模型模拟的精确度提高,为矿区重金属污染负荷的模拟提供更准确的依据。
[Abstract]:Since the new century, with the rapid development of society and the rapid development of science and technology, the human demand for resources has greatly increased. The pollution of heavy metals has become a hot topic in the field of environmental geochemistry, and researchers from all over the world begin to pay close attention to the effects of heavy metals on soil. Pollution of water and atmosphere and harm to agricultural ecology. At present, the lack of an effective management system for the exploitation of antimony deposits in China and the excessive use of antimony ore have led to the excessive content of antimony in the mining area and its surrounding environment. It is a serious threat to the health of human beings and the balance of ecosystem. In this paper, the Shanxing Antimony Mine area of Lengshuijiang City is taken as the main research area, and the sampling plan of the study area is made according to the field investigation of the environmental characteristics of the study area. Combining with Arc GIS technology to construct the spatial and attribute database which can be recognized by SWAT model, The Fortran language is used to compile the heavy metal migration and transformation model program and the model is coupled to construct the improved SWAT model of heavy metal pollution load simulation at the soil-water interface. Finally, the model is optimized to simulate the heavy metal antimony pollution load in soil-water interface flow in antimony ore area. The main results are as follows: 1.The average annual sediment output from the antimony ore area in 2013-2014 is 2.9198 million t / a, mainly concentrated in September 2013 and January and February 2014. The total output is 1.5047 million t / a, accounting for 51.5% of the total annual output. The total annual runoff of the antimony ore area in 2013-2014 is 239.27 m3 / s, and the monthly runoff in September, October and February / April of 2014 is relatively large. The total antimony pollution load in the study area in 2014 was 2118.84 kg. The total pollution load is 1494.81 kg, which accounts for 70.55% of the total annual pollution load. The heavy metal antimony annual pollution load in the study area is mainly distributed in the central direction. The tailings landfill and a mining mine are the most polluted area of antimony in the area of 240-399.99 kg 路kg ~ (-1) 路s ~ (-1). The main transportation route of antimony mine area, The annual pollution load of SWAT model is higher than that of mining area and slag storage area. The annual antimony pollution load of residential area and farmland area is lower than that of mining area. At present, the application of SWAT model in heavy metal pollution is getting more and more. The importance of scientific research personnel, The improved SWAT model can consider the vertical and horizontal diffusion of heavy metals in soil-water interface flow, and construct a two-dimensional or three-dimensional migration and transformation model, so as to improve the accuracy of the transformation mechanism, so as to improve the accuracy of the simulation of the improved SWAT model. It provides a more accurate basis for the simulation of heavy metal pollution load in mining area.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X753

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