生物质基磁性吸附剂处理铅冶炼废水的研究
发布时间:2018-04-05 03:11
本文选题:铅冶炼废水 切入点:桉叶 出处:《广西大学》2015年硕士论文
【摘要】:随着铅冶炼行业的快速发展,由此产生的废水污染问题愈加突出,甚至开始制约冶炼行业自身的生存和发展,针对这类含重金属种类多、酸性较强的废水,如何提高处理效率、降低处理成本,成为研究者关注的热点。本论文以广西大量种植的速生桉树叶为原料,改性加磁后成功制得生物质基磁性吸附剂(ELMA),并对其表面特性、物质组成和磁学性能等进行表征;考察了ELMA的磁分离能力;探索了ELMA对单一溶液、复合溶液以及实际废水中重金属离子的吸附行为;最后,以某铅冶炼厂综合废水为例,通过分析和计算确定最佳工艺参数,设计出一种新型吸附工艺。研究结果如下:(1)桉叶粉改性加磁后,比表面积从原来的18.195 m2/g提高到20.720 m2/g,相应的孔容和平均孔径也有所增大;生成了磁性Fe304晶体,其饱和磁化率为11.56 emu/g,具有超顺磁性,在0.5T磁场下能快速分离。(2) ELMA的投加量、溶液初始pH、反应时间都对单一和复合模拟废水中重金属离子的去除有影响,且吸附过程都与伪二级动力学拟合较好,相关系数均达到0.999以上。(3) FTIR分析得出吸附剂上的.OH、-NH、C=C、C=O、C-OH和Fe-O等官能团可能参与了ELMA对金属离子的吸附过程;且ELMA的加入对反应体系的pH起到缓冲作用。(4)常温下,反应时间30 min,投加量为8 g/L, pH为7时,ELMA处理铅冶炼废水后的出水中Pb(Ⅱ)和Cu(Ⅱ)未检出,Zn(Ⅱ)、Cd(Ⅱ)和As(Ⅱ)的含量分别是0.29、0.02和0.01 mg/L,均满足排放标准(GB25466-2010)综上表明,生物质基磁性吸附剂ELMA具有良好的吸附性能和较高的磁分离能力,其工艺在技术、经济上是合理可行的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of lead smelting industry, the problem of wastewater pollution becomes more and more prominent, and even restricts the survival and development of smelting industry itself. How to improve the treatment efficiency of this kind of wastewater which contains many kinds of heavy metals and strong acidity.Reducing the cost of processing has become the focus of attention of researchers.In this paper, the biomass-based magnetic adsorbent was successfully prepared from the fast-growing eucalyptus leaves grown in Guangxi, and its surface properties, composition and magnetic properties were characterized, and the magnetic separation ability of ELMA was investigated.The adsorption behavior of heavy metal ions in single solution, composite solution and actual wastewater by ELMA was explored. Finally, a new adsorption process was designed by analyzing and calculating the optimum process parameters of a lead smelter wastewater.The results are as follows: 1) the specific surface area increased from 18.195 m2 / g to 20.720 m2 / g after modification of eucalyptus powder, and the corresponding pore volume and average pore size were also increased. The magnetic Fe304 crystal was formed and its saturation magnetization was 11.56 emu / g, which was superparamagnetic.The dosage of ELMA, the initial pH of the solution, and the reaction time can all affect the removal of heavy metal ions from the single and complex wastewater under 0.5T magnetic field, and the adsorption process is in good agreement with the pseudo-second-order kinetics.The correlation coefficients are all above 0.999. FTIR analysis shows that the functional groups, such as. OH- (-NH) Con Con, Fe-O and so on, may participate in the adsorption process of metal ions by ELMA, and the addition of ELMA plays a buffer role on the pH of the reaction system at room temperature, and the addition of ELMA plays a buffer role on the pH of the reaction system at room temperature, and the addition of ELMA plays a buffer role on the pH of the reaction system at room temperature.鍙嶅簲鏃堕棿30 min,鎶曞姞閲忎负8 g/L, pH涓,
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