长株潭城市群生态安全评价研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 15:50

本文选题：生态安全　切入点：景观格局　出处：《湖南师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：长株潭城市群是湖南社会经济发展的先行区,2007年被国家批准为全国两型社会建设综合配套改革试验区,这给长株潭城市群的发展带来了机遇,也迎来了巨大的挑战。当前城市群面临一系列环境问题,成为制约城市群可持续发展的重要因素。本文利用调查数据和统计资料,对长株潭城市群生态环境现状进行了分析,从土地资源利用、水环境特征、大气环境质量及自然灾害状况等方面进行了现状研究,为开展生态安全评价研究提供背景支持。为研究长株潭城市群景观的剧烈变化对生态安全的影响,利用2000年、2010年两个时期的遥感解译数据,运用生态学理论和方法,选取了一系列景观指数,对该地区的景观格局和变化特征进行了研究,基于景观结构、功能、干扰度和景观恢复力构建了景观生态安全评价指标体系,分析了2000-2010年长株潭城市群景观生态安全度及其变化规律。在对生态环境现状分析、景观格局变化以及景观生态安全评价等研究的基础上,结合区域环境特点及社会、经济发展状况,建立了由28项指标组成的生态安全评价指标体系。采用模糊综合评价法对长株潭生态安全进行评价,结果表明：①长株潭城市群生态安全状况总体上不容乐观,无一评价单元能达到较安全和理想安全水平。②2000-2010年,7个评价单元的生态安全特征值都在上升,这说明长株潭城市群在经济发展的同时,加大了对生态环境的重视和改善力度,城市的可持续发展水平在不断得到提高。③研究区域中,长沙县以及长沙、株洲和湘潭市主城区的生态安全水平相对较高,表现为系统响应特征值高和系统状态特征值较高,系统压力特征值较低；而望城县、湘潭县及株洲县生态安全水平相对较低,主要由于其系统压力特征值明显高于其他区域。通过因子分析法找出了长株潭城市群生态安全状况的主要影响因子,提出改善长株潭城市群生态安全状况的措施： (1)大力发展经济； (2)加大环保和科教投入； (3)控制人口增长,提高人口素质,减轻资源环境压力； (4)完善城市群景观建设； (5)建立长株潭城市群环境同治协调机制； (6)建立完善公众参与和社会监督机制。
[Abstract]:Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is the leading area of Hunan's social and economic development. In 2007, it was approved by the state as the pilot area for the comprehensive reform of the construction of a two-oriented society, which brings opportunities and challenges to the development of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration.At present, urban agglomeration is faced with a series of environmental problems, which is an important factor restricting the sustainable development of urban agglomeration.Based on the investigation data and statistical data, the present situation of ecological environment of Chang-Zhu-Tan urban agglomeration is analyzed in this paper, and the present situation is studied from the aspects of land resource utilization, water environmental characteristics, atmospheric environmental quality and natural disasters.To provide background support for ecological security evaluation.In order to study the impact on ecological security caused by the dramatic changes of landscape in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration, a series of landscape indices were selected by using remote sensing interpretation data from 2000 and 2010, and using ecological theory and method.Based on the landscape structure, function, disturbance degree and landscape restoration ability, the evaluation index system of landscape ecological security was established.The landscape ecological security degree and its variation law of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration from 2000 to 2010 were analyzed.On the basis of the analysis of the present situation of ecological environment, the change of landscape pattern and the evaluation of landscape ecological security, the ecological security evaluation index system composed of 28 indexes was established based on the characteristics of regional environment and the development of society and economy.The ecological security of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The result shows that the ecological security situation of Chang-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration is not optimistic on the whole.None of the evaluation units can reach a relatively safe and ideal safety level from 2000 to 2010, and the ecological security characteristic values of the seven evaluation units are all rising, which indicates that the Chang-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration has paid more attention to and improved the ecological environment while the economy is developing.The sustainable development level of the city has been improved continuously in the study area. The ecological security level of Changsha county, Changsha, Zhuzhou and Xiangtan cities is relatively high, which shows that the system response characteristic value is high and the system state characteristic value is high.The system pressure characteristic value is low, while the ecological security level of Wangcheng County, Xiangtan County and Zhuzhou County is relatively low, mainly because the system pressure characteristic value is obviously higher than other regions.This paper finds out the main influencing factors of ecological security in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration by factor analysis, and puts forward some measures to improve ecological security in Chang-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration: 1) vigorously developing economy, 2) increasing investment in environmental protection and science and education, 3) controlling population growth,Improve the quality of population, reduce the pressure of resources and environment; 4) perfect the landscape construction of urban agglomeration; 5) establish the coordination mechanism of environmental management in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration; 6) establish and perfect the mechanism of public participation and social supervision.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826

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