城市污水处理厂节能潜力研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 00:08

本文选题：城市污水处理厂 + 节能潜力　；参考：《武汉工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国生态文明建设的推进及节能减排的实施,全国城市污水处理厂的建设数量迅猛增加,到2014年3月底,污水日处理能力已逾1.53亿立方米,为保护国家的水环境资源发挥了重要的作用。然而城市污水处理行业属高耗能行业,其稳定运行带来了很大的能源消耗,加大了我国的能源压力。因此,对污水处理厂能耗现状进行研究,提出有针对性的节能降耗方案与措施,加强用能管理,充分挖掘污水处理厂的节能潜力,这对缓解我国的能源短缺、节能减排具有积极重要的意义。本文通过对湖北不同工艺、不同规模的五座城市污水处理厂开展实例调研,研究分析各污水处理厂能耗的现状、构成以及特点,同时结合能耗影响因素,运用因子-层次分析法构建污水处理厂节能水平综合评价体系模型,并运用该模型评价了五座污水处理厂的节能水平,针对最具节能潜力的污水处理厂提出了针对性的节能方案,将实施方案前后的节能水平进行比较,并对实施方案进行效益预测,主要结论如下:(1)五座污水处理厂平均单位吨水电耗量、药耗量分别为0.13~0.23kWh/m3、0.11~0.52 g/m3,每吨干污泥药耗为1.65~17 kg/t,去除单位COD耗电量为0.93~1.94 kWh/kg、去除单位TN耗电量为1.91~17.85 kWh/kg、去除单位TP耗电量为7.86~164.55 kWh/kg。(2)五座污水处理厂的全厂节能系统利用率均不高,为56.87%~74.71%;生化处理单元能耗最高,预处理单元能耗次之,生化处理单元能耗占总能耗的36.71%~63.84%,主要能耗设备为曝气设备和鼓风设备。(3)运用因子-层次分析法构建污水处理厂节能综合评价体系模型。首先通过因子分析法对污水处理厂能耗影响因素变量进行客观评价,对多个因素进行“降维”处理,提取主要因子作为后续层次分析法目标树的二级指标,并计算出各二级指标的权重,再通过构建层次分析模型,将原始影响因素作为三级指标并进行主观评价,得出的三级指标权重最后进行折合处理,最终构建污水处理厂节能综合评价体系模型。(4)本文从源头预防、过程控制、末端治理、加强管理等方面进行节能方案分析。根据能耗最高的E污水处理厂运行的实际情况与能耗特点,提出了有针对性的技术上可行、经济上合理的节能优化方案,并进行节能方案后节能水平综合评价、经济效益和环境效益预测。节能优化措施实施后,节能水平综合评分由3.1958提升至3.655,年产生经济效益222456.25元,节电297.5MkWh,节水625t,折算成标煤、碳排减量分别为120.3506 tce、2801.84 t。
[Abstract]:With the development of ecological civilization and the implementation of energy saving and emission reduction in China, the number of urban sewage treatment plants in China has increased rapidly. By the end of March 2014, the daily capacity of sewage treatment has exceeded 153 million cubic meters.In order to protect the country's water environment resources play an important role.However, the municipal sewage treatment industry is a high energy consuming industry, and its stable operation has brought great energy consumption, which has increased the energy pressure in our country.Therefore, the present situation of energy consumption in sewage treatment plants is studied, and the energy saving schemes and measures are put forward to strengthen the energy use management, to fully tap the energy saving potential of sewage treatment plants, and to alleviate the energy shortage in China.Energy saving and emission reduction is of great significance.Through the investigation and investigation of five municipal sewage treatment plants with different processes and different sizes in Hubei, this paper studies and analyzes the present situation, composition and characteristics of the energy consumption of the sewage treatment plants, and combines the factors affecting the energy consumption at the same time.The comprehensive evaluation system model of energy saving level of sewage treatment plant was constructed by factor-AHP method, and the energy saving level of five sewage treatment plants was evaluated by the model.Aiming at the wastewater treatment plant with the most potential for energy saving, the paper puts forward a targeted energy saving scheme, compares the energy saving level before and after the implementation of the scheme, and forecasts the benefit of the implementation scheme.The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the average hydropower consumption per ton of five sewage treatment plants,The energy consumption of biochemical treatment unit was the highest, and that of pretreatment unit was the second.The energy consumption of biochemical treatment unit accounts for 36.71% of the total energy consumption. The main energy consumption equipment is aeration equipment and blast equipment.Firstly, the factor analysis method is used to evaluate the factors influencing energy consumption of wastewater treatment plant objectively, and to reduce the dimension of many factors, and to extract the main factors as the secondary index of the target tree of the subsequent Analytic hierarchy process (AHP).The weight of each secondary index is calculated, and then the original influencing factors are taken as the third-level index and the subjective evaluation is carried out by constructing the analytic hierarchy process model. Finally, the weight of the three-level index is converted.Finally, the comprehensive evaluation system model of energy conservation in sewage treatment plant is constructed. (4) this paper analyzes the energy saving scheme from the aspects of source prevention, process control, end treatment and strengthening management.According to the actual operation situation and energy consumption characteristics of E sewage treatment plant with the highest energy consumption, this paper puts forward a feasible and economically reasonable energy saving optimization scheme, and makes a comprehensive evaluation of the energy saving level after the energy saving scheme.Forecast of economic and environmental benefits.After the implementation of energy saving optimization measures, the comprehensive score of energy saving level was raised from 3.1958 to 3.655, the annual economic benefit was 222456.25 yuan, the energy saving was 297.5 MkWhs, the water saving was 625 t, the conversion into standard coal and the carbon emission reduction were 120.3506 TceC 2801.84 t respectively.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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