尼龙6纳米纤维膜的制备及在水体多环芳烃快速检测中的应用

发布时间：2018-04-13 05:09

本文选题：多环芳烃 + 纳米纤维膜　；参考：《扬州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：多环芳烃是广泛分布于环境中的一类持久性有机污染物,易在生物体内积累,具有很强的致癌、致畸、致突变作用。常规的分析检测方法大多耗时、分析成本高、样品前处理复杂,难以满足大量样品的快速检测需求。因此急需发展一种简单、快速、准确的多环芳烃检测方法。本文以自制的静电纺丝装置制备了尼龙6纳米纤维膜。研究了尼龙6纺丝液浓度(可纺性)和纺丝工艺条件(纺丝电压、纺丝距离、纺丝流量)对纳米纤维直径和纤维形貌的影响。通过对纤维直径的计算以及形貌结构的观察调整确定了最佳的纺丝条件：纺丝液浓度0.25g/ml,纺丝电压17kv,纺丝距离17cm,纺丝流量0.20ml/h。采用自然吸附和抽滤吸附两种方式将纳米纤维膜用于吸附水中的多环芳烃。通过分析PAHs的膜吸附量(Q)随吸附时间(t)以及水体PAHs浓度(c)的变化关系,研究了尼龙6纳米纤维膜对水中菲、芘、荧蒽的吸附特性。结果表明：尼龙6纳米纤维膜对菲、芘、荧蒽均具有较强的吸附性能,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型。在自然吸附和抽滤吸附方式下,PAHs的膜吸附量和浓度均呈良好的线性关系。抽滤吸附方式下菲、芘、荧蒽在纳米纤维膜上的富集系数分别是自然吸附方式下的3.91、9.88、9.02倍。因此,抽滤方式的吸附效率显著高于自然吸附,且吸附所需时间更短,更适用于多环芳烃的膜检测。基于尼龙6纳米纤维膜对水体PAHs良好的吸附特性,建立了水体痕量PAHs的膜富集/固相表面荧光光谱法。实验结果表明：该方法测定菲、芘、荧蒽的检出限分别为9.73×10-4μg/ml,1.62×10-5μg/ml,8.96×10-4μg/ml,利用自来水测定菲、芘、荧蒽的平均回收率分别为87.2%～98.2%,100.76%～120%,85.75%～92.32%;相对标准偏差分别为7.0%,2.63%,5.1%。
[Abstract]:Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of persistent organic pollutants widely distributed in the environment. They are easy to accumulate in organisms and have strong carcinogenic teratogenicity and mutagenicity.Most of the conventional analytical methods are time-consuming, high cost, complex sample pretreatment, difficult to meet the needs of rapid detection of a large number of samples.Therefore, it is urgent to develop a simple, rapid and accurate method for the detection of PAHs.In this paper, nylon 6 nanofiber membrane was prepared by self-made electrostatic spinning device.The effects of spinning solution concentration (spinnability) and spinning process conditions (spinning voltage, spinning distance, spinning flow) on the diameter and morphology of the nanofibers were studied.The optimum spinning conditions were determined by calculating the fiber diameter and adjusting the morphology and structure: spinning solution concentration 0.25g / ml, spinning voltage 17kv, spinning distance 17cm, spinning flow rate 0.20ml / h.Nano-fiber membranes were used to adsorb polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water by natural adsorption and filtration adsorption.The adsorption characteristics of phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene in water by nylon 6 nanofiber membrane were studied by analyzing the relationship between the membrane adsorption quantity (Q) of PAHs and the adsorption time (t) and the concentration of PAHs in water.The results showed that nylon 6 nanofiber membrane had strong adsorption properties for phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene, and the adsorption process was in accordance with the quasi-second-order kinetic model.The adsorption capacity and concentration of PAHs were linear under natural adsorption and filtration adsorption.The enrichment coefficients of phenanthrene, pyrene and fluoranthene on nanofiltration membrane were 3.91 ~ 9.88 ~ 9.02 times higher than those of natural adsorption respectively.Therefore, the adsorption efficiency of filtration method is significantly higher than that of natural adsorption, and the adsorption time is shorter, which is more suitable for the membrane detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).Based on the good adsorption characteristics of nylon 6 nanofiber membrane for water PAHs, a membrane enrichment / solid phase surface fluorescence spectrometry for trace PAHs in water was established.
【学位授予单位】：扬州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X832

【参考文献】