工业锅炉（窑炉）节能工艺技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-04-14 13:14

  本文选题：工业锅炉(窑炉) + 节能减排　； 参考：《合肥工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济飞速增长伴随着日益严峻的环境问题,从“十三五”规划纲要来看,国家对节能减排方面的重视程度与日俱增,尤其是对淘汰型及小型锅炉(窑炉)的关停整合。本文以皖北有色金属冶炼企业为例,对该企业窑炉进行节能减排改造。改造主要从节能和减排两方面进行,节能部分主要从增加后续余热回收设备和云制控能耗监测平台实现,减排部分主要从增设更高效的烟气脱硫除尘设施—泡罩式烟气脱硫除尘塔来实现。1.余热回收原工艺中窑炉排出的高温烟气被直接排放至大气造成能源的极大浪费,在烟气管道出口后方增加一台换热器回收烟气中的热量,将排烟温度从800℃降低至525℃,热量转化为蒸汽供其他需热的生产工序或者厂区内员工生活(食堂、浴室等)所用。该项改造年可节约标煤422.44吨,节能效益可在两年内实现换热器实体投资的回收。目前,该部分节能改造已经完成,已实现余热回收。2.智能云制控能耗监测平台智能云制控能耗监测平台分为硬件、软件两个部分,其中硬件为数据采集信息终端,软件包括GPRS通信网络、监控中心软件等。数据采集信息终端包括：改进后的水表、电表、用汽表等计量器具、传感器、采集器、GPRS Modem等。智能云制控能耗监测平台的建立基于GPRS无线传输技术,该平台可实时在线监测各类能耗数据(水、电、汽等),调阅日、月、年能耗报表,确保数据真实可靠,为后续能源审计、能耗公示、碳交易提供真实、可靠、便捷的数据支撑。该部分也已完成,可实现项目能源消耗数据的实时云端监测。3.泡罩式脱硫除尘塔泡罩式脱硫除尘塔体内等间距水平塔板上的主要构件是圆柱形泡罩,每一层塔板靠近壳壁处设有高出塔板一定高度的降液管,该部分高度恰好可以构成能使塔板上保持一定深度的流动液体的溢流堰,该部分液体用于与含硫气体充分反应。该泡罩式脱硫除尘塔的吸收液为添加适量表面活性剂的碱液,气体自下而上通过每层塔板的液封层时,由泡罩下沿的小孔或齿缝分散出许多气泡后再进入液层,使液层形成泡沫层,绵密的泡沫层为气体和液体充分接触提供了有利的接触面,使脱硫除尘效果更高效。该部分已经完成实验室初探,探究了实验设备空塔状态频率、风速及压降的关系,对比了实验室与原工艺的脱硫效率、除尘效率,发现不仅脱硫除尘效率得到了明显的提升,设备能耗也较原工艺有了降低,实现了减排降耗,得出了泡罩式脱硫除尘更为高效的结果。
[Abstract]:The rapid growth of economy is accompanied by increasingly severe environmental problems. According to the outline of the 13th Five-Year Plan, the state pays more and more attention to energy saving and emission reduction, especially to the shutdown and integration of obsolete and small boilers (kilns).Taking the non-ferrous metal smelting enterprise in north Anhui as an example, the energy-saving and emission-reducing modification of the kiln is carried out in this paper.The transformation is mainly carried out from the aspects of energy saving and emission reduction. The energy saving part is mainly realized by adding follow-up waste heat recovery equipment and cloud control energy consumption monitoring platform.In the part of emission reduction, more efficient flue gas desulphurization and dust removal facilities, bubble hood type flue gas desulfurization and dust removal tower, are added to realize. 1.The waste heat recovery in the original process resulted in a great waste of energy due to the direct discharge of high-temperature flue gas from the kiln furnace to the atmosphere. An additional heat exchanger was added behind the flue gas pipe outlet to recover the heat from the flue gas, and the exhaust smoke temperature was reduced from 800 鈩，

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