国内外生活饮用水水质标准比较和建议

发布时间：2018-04-16 16:32

本文选题：生活饮用水 + 水质标准　；参考：《中国给水排水》2016年17期

【摘要】：除放射性指标外,系统对比分析了中国、美国、欧盟、日本以及WHO饮用水水质标准中的指标项目及限值。对比发现,总体上讲,我国的指标数量在微生物指标、无机毒理指标以及感官和一般化学指标上的项目较多,而在消毒副产物指标、有机毒理指标上比较缺乏。微生物指标方面,美国和日本采用的异养菌指标可指示消毒效率和管网清洁度,值得我国借鉴。消毒副产物方面,我国缺乏毒性较大的卤乙腈类和N-亚硝基二甲胺指标。无机毒理指标中可借鉴限定硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐(以氮计)总量的形式。有机毒理指标方面,我国缺乏大量农药、持久性污染物等新检出率高、具有毒性的有机物指标。在此基础上提出了我国饮用水水质标准制定过程中可以借鉴和值得改进的地方。
[Abstract]:In addition to the radioactivity index, the index items and the limit values in the drinking water quality standards of China, the United States, the European Union, Japan and WHO are compared and analyzed systematically.It is found that, on the whole, the number of indexes in our country is more in microbial index, inorganic toxicology index, sensory index and general chemical index, but in disinfection by-product index, organic toxicology index is relatively lack.In terms of microbiological indexes, the heterotrophic bacteria used in the United States and Japan can indicate the disinfection efficiency and the cleanliness of the pipe network, which is worthy of our country's reference.In terms of disinfection by-products, there is a lack of toxic halogen acetonitrile and N-nitrosodimethylamine in China.Inorganic toxicological indexes can be used for reference to limit the total amount of nitrate and nitrite (measured by nitrogen).In terms of organic toxicology, China lacks a large number of pesticides, persistent pollutants and other new detection rate, with toxic organic indicators.On the basis of this, the paper puts forward some points that can be used for reference and worthy of improvement in the process of establishing drinking water quality standards in China.
【作者单位】： %E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8;" target="_blank">苏州科技大学分离净化材料与技术研发中心;江苏高校水处理技术与材料协同创新中心;华衍水务<中国>有限公司;
【基金】：江苏省环境科学与工程重点实验室开放课题(ZD131206) 苏州市分离净化材料与技术重点实验室课题(SZS201512) 苏州市水利水务科研课题(2015-7-1) 苏州科技学院科研基金资助项目(XKQ201503)
【分类号】：R123.1

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