基于生态水文过程的城市水空间体系构建方法

发布时间：2018-04-22 01:35

本文选题：生态水文过程 + 城市水空间　；参考：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：自然水空间是自然生态过程与水文过程发生耦合的承载空间,在我国快速城市化进程中,自然水空间被人为改造,其原本的自然过程产生了相应变化,切断了城市与自然之间的生态联系,由此引发水资源、水安全、水生态等问题。对城市水问题综合解决的首要工作是城市水空间体系的生态化修复,而城市水空间体系生态化修复的前提,则是:对自然水空间生态水文过程的认识,对城市水空间受扰机制的理解,进而预测与自然生态环境和谐的城市水空间图景。本研究首先引入生态水文学的生态水文过程理论,认识自然生态水文过程与自然水空间格局之间的契合关系,归纳出地表水的汇流、运移、蓄积三大过程与水空间格局演变的相关性;然后,以自然生态水文过程与自然水空间格局之间的契合关系为参照,理解城市地表水的汇流、运移、蓄积过程与相应空间的变化,发现顺应生态水文过程的城市水空间体系的缺失,是引发城市水生态问题的关键;提出修复汇流‖、通道‖、节点‖和循环‖等四大城市生态水文过程的方法体系,探索城市水空间体系生态化修复中的水网修复、湿地体系构建等主要内容以及尺度界定、水网模拟、湿地寻找等关键技术;最后,在成都市新都区北部商城水空间体系规划中,加以应用验证。本研究对城市水资源、水安全、水生态、水环境问题的全面求解,从物质空间的体系层面,从理念及方法的生态转型方面,进行了积极的探索,对我国生态城市、海绵城市等建设,具有一定的理论和实践意义。论文分为六章:第一章,阐述了研究的背景、目的和意义,并对城市水空间、生态水文过程等概念进行了界定,明确了研究方法和研究内容。第二章,介绍了城市水空间体系构建的基础研究和相关方法,总结了国内外城市水空间体系构建的思维转变及先进经验,指出现有方法体系下需深化的要点和存在的不足。第三章,通过对比自然理想水空间格局,分析生态水文过程下水的汇流、运移、蓄积三大过程与相应空间格局契合关系在城市中的变化,归纳城市水空间问题的成因,提出了多尺度下的城市生态水文过程修复策略。第四章,基于修复城市水空间体系的功能性缺失,提出了城市水空间的汇流‖、通道‖、节点‖、循环‖四大体系的修复方法,构建出能够承载城市水资源汇流、运移、蓄积三大过程的生态水空间,并提出了相应的水循环保障措施。该部分研究运用GIS平台的Arc SWAT分布式水文模型,通过建立城市数字高程模型,模拟城市水空间,提出了城市流域、水网格局、湿地格局重塑的相应方法。第五章,以参与项目《成都市新都区北部商城水空间体系规划》为例,结合实际情况,对城市水空间体系构建方法加以应用,验证其可行性并完善其理论研究。第六章,对研究成果进行总结以及讨论。
[Abstract]:Natural water space is the carrying space where the natural ecological process and the hydrological process are coupled. In the process of rapid urbanization in China, the natural water space has been artificially transformed, and its original natural process has changed accordingly. The ecological connection between city and nature is cut off, which leads to water resources, water safety, water ecology and so on. The most important task to solve the urban water problem is ecological restoration of urban water space system, and the premise of ecological restoration of urban water space system is the understanding of ecological hydrological process of natural water space. Understanding the disturbed mechanism of urban water space and predicting the urban water space picture in harmony with natural ecological environment. In this study, the theory of ecological hydrological process is introduced to understand the relationship between the natural ecological hydrological process and the spatial pattern of natural water, and the confluence and migration of surface water are concluded. Based on the relationship between the natural eco-hydrological process and the spatial pattern of natural water, the confluence, migration, accumulation process of urban surface water and the change of the corresponding space are understood by reference to the relationship between the natural eco-hydrological process and the spatial pattern of natural water. It is found that the lack of urban water space system conforming to the ecological hydrological process is the key to the urban water ecological problem. This paper puts forward a method system for repairing the eco-hydrological process of four major cities, such as confluence, channel, node and cycle, and explores the restoration of water network in the ecological restoration of urban water space system. The key technologies such as the construction of wetland system, the definition of scale, the simulation of water network, the search of wetland and so on. Finally, it is applied in the planning of water space system of Shangcheng city in the north of Xindu district of Chengdu. This research has carried on the active exploration to the city water resources, the water safety, the water ecology, the water environment question, from the material space system level, from the idea and the method ecology transformation aspect, has carried on the active exploration to our country ecology city, Sponge city construction has certain theoretical and practical significance. The thesis is divided into six chapters: the first chapter describes the background, purpose and significance of the study, and defines the concepts of urban water space and ecological hydrological process, and clarifies the research methods and contents. The second chapter introduces the basic research and related methods of urban water space system construction, summarizes the thinking transformation and advanced experience of urban water space system construction at home and abroad, and points out the key points and shortcomings of the existing method system. In the third chapter, by comparing the natural ideal water spatial pattern, the author analyzes the change of the confluence, migration and accumulation of the water in the ecological hydrological process and the corresponding spatial pattern in the city, and sums up the causes of the urban water space problem. The restoration strategy of urban eco-hydrological process on multiple scales is put forward. In the fourth chapter, based on the functional deficiency of the urban water space system, the restoration methods of the four urban water space systems, namely, the confluence of the urban water space, the channel, the node, the loop and so on, are put forward, which can carry the confluence of the urban water resources. The ecological water space of the three processes of migration and accumulation, and the corresponding protection measures of water circulation are put forward. In this part, the distributed hydrological model of Arc SWAT based on GIS platform is studied. Through the establishment of urban digital elevation model, the urban water space is simulated, and the corresponding method of rebuilding urban watershed, water network pattern and wetland pattern is put forward. In the fifth chapter, taking the project "Planning of Water Space system in Northern Commercial City of Chengdu" as an example, combining with the actual situation, the author applies the method of constructing urban water space system, verifies its feasibility and perfects its theoretical research. Chapter six summarizes and discusses the research results.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X143;TU99

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