含油污泥的脱水处理及综合利用初步探索

发布时间：2018-04-25 18:12

本文选题：含油污泥 + 脱水　；参考：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文采用Fenton试剂和废弃木屑进行综合处理,并对含油污泥进行了脱水研究,同时对含油污泥废弃物的资源化利用进行了初步探索。本文通过对Fenton试剂和Fenton试剂和废弃木屑处理后所得到的滤饼含水量和上清液的性能参数进行了分析,结果发现单一通过Fenton试剂处理的含油污泥经脱水处理后的泥饼其含水率为67.5%,较采用Fenton试剂+废弃木屑综合处理的泥饼含水率低,平均为68.1%；两种处理方法测其上清液pH值相近,均在2.65左右,较反应前有所下降；上清液的铁离子含量和总有机碳含量均有所差别,其中经过Fenton试剂处理的含油污泥其上清液中铁离子和有机碳含量分别为1320mg/L和98.70mg/L；而经过Fenton试剂和废弃木屑联合处理所得到的上清液中铁离子和有机碳含量分别为1130mg/L和86.83mg/L。脱水实验结果表明,对于含油污泥的处理,单一使用Fenton试剂进行脱水处理效果不佳,而Fenton试剂+废弃木屑进行综合处理则可以有效地使其脱水。实验中通过向经过Fenton试剂处理后的含油污泥中添加废弃木屑,可使含油污泥的毛细吸水时间和污泥比阻分别从1760s和13.8×1012 m/kg下降到了185 s和1.5×1012 m/kg；而经过Fenton试剂处理的含油污泥的毛细吸水时间和污泥比阻下降值最大只能达到了976s和7.6×1012 m/kg。通过筛选吸附实验将脱水后的含油污泥制备成吸附剂,用于吸附有机偶氮活性红X-3B染料效果较好,并对其吸附机理进行了探讨和表征,通过热重分析、比表面分析、扫描电镜和傅里叶红外光谱分析,对脱水前后的含油污泥比表面积进行测定计算,同时对其表面形态、形貌和化学组成等进行了分析比较。结果表明,高温有利于该种吸附剂的孔隙结构的形成,并增大其比表面积和孔隙体积,进而影响其对X-3B染料的吸附容量；经过分析发现在活化时间为24h,加热温度在800℃下隔绝空气炭化45分钟,当加入占原料质量百分比为40% ZnCl2时,吸附剂的最大比表面积可达到183 m2/g,孔隙体积可达0.19 cm3/g；表明吸附能力较强,与不同剂量的活化剂和不同炭化温度所制备成的吸附剂进行对比,所制备的这种吸附剂对X-3B染料的吸附能力为最强；含油污泥脱水后所制得吸附剂的最大吸附量可达67.72 mg/g,尽管低于商品木质活性炭(132.5 mg/g),但是其吸附平衡时间要低于木质活性炭,而其吸附平衡时间内的吸附量要比木质活性炭为高,通过吸附动力学和等温吸附实验显示,所制备的吸附剂对于X-3B染料的吸附符合准二级动力学模型和Langmuir模型,属于吸热类型的单层吸附。通过分析测定原料发现,脱水后的含油污泥中含有多种重金属,而且其铁元素的含量最高,干基平均含量约为66200mg/kg,其他元素为：锌 3460mg/kg,铅330mg/kg,铬140 mg/kg,镉12mg/kg,铜45mg/kg,镍97 mg/kg,锰118 mg/kg;在吸附实验完成之后,吸附液中除了铁离子(最高含量为69.12mg/L)之外,其它的元素含量均较低,在0-4.71mg/L范围内。实验表明高温条件下含油污泥中的金属盐类物质发生了分解,形成了难溶于水的金属氧化物,这对于防止金属元素在吸附过程中的溶解是有益的。
[Abstract]:In this paper, Fenton reagents and waste wood chips were used for comprehensive treatment, and the dewatering of oily sludge was studied. At the same time, the resource utilization of oily sludge waste was preliminarily explored. The performance parameters of the water content and supernatant of the filter cake obtained by the treatment of Fenton reagent and Fenton reagents and waste wood chips were carried out in this paper. The results showed that the water content of the mud cake treated by the single Fenton reagent treated by the dehydrated sludge was 67.5%, which was lower than that of the Fenton reagent + waste wood chips. The average of the mud cake was 68.1%, and the pH value of the supernatant was close to about 2.65, and the supernatant was lower than that before the reaction; the supernatant liquid was lower than that before the reaction. The contents of iron ions and total organic carbon were different. The content of iron ions and organic carbon in the supernatant of the oily sludge treated by Fenton reagent was 1320mg/L and 98.70mg/L, respectively, while the content of ferric and organic carbon in the supernatant obtained by the combined treatment of Fenton reagent and waste wood sawdust was 1130mg/L and 86.83m, respectively. The results of g/L. dehydration show that, for the treatment of oily sludge, the single use of Fenton reagents is not effective in dewatering, while the comprehensive treatment of Fenton reagents and waste wood chips can effectively dehydrate it. In the experiment, adding waste wood chips to the oily sludge treated by Fenton reagents can make the oily sludge fine. The water absorption time and the specific resistance of sludge decreased from 1760s and 13.8 x 1012 m/kg to 185 s and 1.5 x 1012 m/kg, while the maximum water absorption time of the oily sludge treated by Fenton reagent and the maximum sludge specific resistance decreased only to 976s and 7.6 x 1012 m/kg., and the oily sludge after dehydration was prepared into adsorbents by screening adsorption experiments. The adsorption mechanism of organic azo active red x--3B was better. The adsorption mechanism was discussed and characterized. The specific surface area of the oily sludge before and after dehydration was determined by thermogravimetric analysis, surface analysis, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that high temperature is beneficial to the formation of pore structure of the adsorbent, and increases the specific surface area and pore volume, and then affects the adsorption capacity of X-3B dyes. After analysis, the activation time is 24h, the heating temperature is cut off for 45 minutes at 800 centigrade, and the percentage of the mass is 40% ZnCl. At 2, the maximum specific surface area of the adsorbent can reach 183 m2/g and the pore volume is up to 0.19 cm3/g, indicating that the adsorbability is stronger, compared with the adsorbents prepared at different doses of activators and different carbonization temperatures, the adsorbents prepared by this adsorbent have the strongest adsorption energy for X-3B dyes, and the adsorption of oily sludge after dehydration The maximum adsorption capacity of the agent can reach 67.72 mg/g, although it is lower than the commercial activated carbon (132.5 mg/g), but its adsorption equilibrium time is lower than that of the wood activated carbon, and the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent is higher than that of the wood activated carbon. The adsorption kinetics and isothermal adsorption show that the adsorbents prepared by the adsorbent are adsorbed to the X-3B dye. According to the quasi two stage dynamic model and Langmuir model, it belongs to the monolayer adsorption of endothermic type. Through the analysis and determination of raw materials, it is found that there are a variety of heavy metals in the oily sludge after dehydration, and the content of iron elements is the highest, the average content of the dry base is about 66200mg/kg, and the other elements are zinc 3460mg/kg, lead 330mg/kg, chromium 140 mg/kg, cadmium 12mg/kg, Copper 45mg/kg, nickel 97 mg/kg, manganese 118 mg/kg; after the adsorption experiment completed, besides iron ions (the highest content of 69.12mg/L), the content of other elements is low in the range of 0-4.71mg/L. The experiment shows that the metal salts in the oily sludge are decomposed to form metal oxide, which is difficult to dissolve in water under the condition of high temperature. This is beneficial to prevent the dissolution of metal elements in the adsorption process.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X74

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