多参数检测与商用云端预警的大气在线监测系统研制

发布时间：2018-04-26 21:14

本文选题：大气在线监测 + 物联网　；参考：《西安邮电大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,在我国经济飞速发展的同时,大气环境问题日益凸显。酸雨、雾霾等大气污染状况处于高发期,严重影响了人们的生产生活,引起了政府部门的高度重视。面对严峻的环境问题,智能高效的大气在线监测设备将在大气环境的实时监测及有效治理中发挥至关重要的作用,为亟待解决的大气环境问题以及国家可持续发展提供科学依据。然而,现阶段我国投入应用的大气监测设备存在整体耗资巨大、多数设备靠进口、实时性不高、人为因素影响大、数据可操作性差等问题,国内研发的设备存在监测参数较少、网关节点单一、数据利用率低、信息发布平台维护成本较高且过程繁杂,无法满足现今对于大气监测设备多参数、多节点、高可靠性、低成本及数据实时便捷共享的需求。为了更好地解决上述问题,本文引入物联网、嵌入式、传感器等关键技术,结合2015年陕西省社会发展科技攻关项目(基于物联网的大气质量预测预警系统的研究,项目编号：2015SF284)开展研究工作,提出了以监测西北地区城市及周边区域大气质量状况为目标的“多参数、多节点大气在线监测系统方案”,研制了“大气在线监测系统”,本文主要讨论的内容为大气在线监测设备的开发、乐为物联网云服务平台的配置及配套应用设置。本系统的主要任务及技术要求如下：1、对监测点的温度、湿度、PM2.5、PM10、SO2、O3这几项大气参数进行实时测量；2、将监测点的大气监测数据实时传输给大气监测信息处理中心,通信距离大于30km;3、信息中心软件能够对大气监测数据进行存储、显示、预测。该系统由大气监测系统硬件部分、乐为商业物联网云服务平台部分以及大气监测上位机应用软件部分组成。系统能够对监测点的大气参数进行实时测量并传输到物联网云服务平台上,上位机应用软件能够实时获取物联网云平台上监测设备上传的数据,并对数据进行分析、处理、存储、显示以及报表输出,为环境保护提供依据。本文研究的主要内容如下：1、大气在线监测技术研究：分析并总结了现有的大气在线监测技术,并结合陕西省社会发展科技攻关项目项目(编号：2015SF284)要求,提出了一种多参数、多节点的大气在线监测方案,对该方案的实时性、实用性、可操作性、可扩展性进行了论述,并对底层多节点大气数据融合研究做了初步探索；2、系统硬件设计及开发：提出了一套经济、实用的硬件设计方案,采用模块化接插设计的方法,完成了大气在线监测系统的硬件电路设计,并给出了实现电路及工作原理,展示了部分的硬件样板。3、大气在线监测系统软件开发：根据硬件电路的实际需要,采用嵌入式系统编程的方式,对系统任务进行了划分,并且完成了各功能模块的驱动开发；4、商用物联网云平台的接入方法研究：深入分析了商用物联网云平台的接入方法,完成了乐为物联网云平台的配置、监测设备的接入,以及信息的实时发布。通过对软硬件的测试以及与上位机软件的联调显示,系统整体运行正常,能够对监测点数据进行实时在线监测、预警并带有GPS定位功能。系统具有本地数据不易篡改、廉价、操作方便、自动化程度高的特点,其系统相对误差在5%以内,达到了项目的预期目标,可以广泛应用于大气监测领域。
[Abstract]:In recent years, at the same time in China's rapid economic development, atmospheric environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Acid rain, haze and other atmospheric pollution conditions are in high incidence, seriously affecting people's production and life, causing the government departments to attach great importance. Facing severe environmental problems, intelligent and efficient atmospheric on-line monitoring equipment will be in the real-time monitoring of the atmospheric environment. Measurement and effective management play an important role in providing scientific basis for the urgent air environment problems and the sustainable development of the country. However, at the present stage, the air monitoring equipment put into application in our country has a huge cost, most of the equipment depends on the import, the real time is not high, the human factors are greatly influenced and the data operability is poor, and so on. The domestic R & D equipment has less monitoring parameters, single gateway node, low data utilization rate, high maintenance cost and complicated process, which can not meet the demand of multi parameter, multi node, high reliability, low cost and real-time and convenient sharing of data for atmospheric monitoring equipment. In this paper, the key technologies such as Internet of things, embedded, sensor and other key technologies are introduced. The research work is carried out in conjunction with the 2015 Shaanxi province social development science and technology project (Research on atmospheric quality prediction and early warning system based on the Internet of things, project number: 2015SF284), and the "multi reference" is proposed to monitor the atmosphere quality in the cities and surrounding areas in the northwest region. The main tasks and technical requirements of this system are as follows: 1, the temperature, humidity, PM2.5, PM of the monitoring point, the main tasks and technical requirements of this system are as follows. 10, SO2, O3, the atmospheric parameters are measured in real time. 2, the monitoring data is transmitted to the atmospheric monitoring information processing center in real time. The communication distance is greater than 30km; 3, the information center software can store, display and predict the atmospheric monitoring data. The system is composed of the hardware part of the atmospheric monitoring system, and is happy for the business Internet of things network. The system can measure the atmospheric parameters of the monitoring point in real time and transmit it to the cloud service platform of the Internet of things. The application software of the upper computer can get the data uploaded by the monitoring equipment on the IOT cloud platform in real time, and analyze, process, store and display the data. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1, the research on atmospheric on-line monitoring technology: analysis and summary of the existing atmospheric on-line monitoring technology, and combining with the requirements of the Shaanxi social development science and technology project project (number: 2015SF284), a multi parameter, multi node atmosphere is proposed. The line monitoring scheme is used to discuss the real-time, practicability, operability and extensibility of the scheme, and make a preliminary exploration to the study of the multi node atmospheric data fusion at the bottom. 2, the design and development of the system hardware: a set of economical and practical hardware design scheme is put forward, and the method of modular insertion design is adopted to complete the atmosphere online. The hardware circuit of the monitoring system is designed, and the realization circuit and working principle are given. The hardware sample.3 and the software development of the air on-line monitoring system are displayed. According to the actual needs of the hardware circuit, the embedded system programming is used to divide the system tasks, and the drive development of the functional modules is completed. 4, Research on the access method of the cloud platform of the commercial Internet of things: in-depth analysis of the access method of the cloud platform for the commercial Internet of things, completed the configuration of the cloud platform of the Internet of things, the access of the monitoring equipment, and the real-time release of the information. The monitoring point data are on-line monitoring, early warning and GPS positioning function. The system has the characteristics that local data is not easily tampered, cheap, easy to operate, and has high automation degree. The relative error of the system is less than 5%, which can be widely used in the field of atmospheric monitoring.

【学位授予单位】：西安邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：X84

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