江苏省产业结构的水环境污染响应及削减对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 12:10

本文选题：产业结构 + 水环境污染　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水资源是重要的自然资源,与社会经济建设和人民生活息息相关,又是构成生态环境的重要要素,70年代以来,随着江苏省经济的发展,多数城市的工业废水未经任何处理直接排入河流和湖泊以及农村地区的化肥和农药大量使用,自然水环境污染严重.水环境污染严重影响社会经济的循环发展,实施产业结构调整、工程治理和加强环境监管三大体系的综合治理成为控制水环境污染的重要途径。各种产业的发展是实现社会经济不断增长的推动力,与此同时产业的发展也给环境带来了不同程度的污染,所以调整产业结构与优化产业升级是减少污染物排放、改善生态环境质量的重要决策。本文以县(市、区)为评价单元,构建了综合反映产业结构对水环境污染影响的复合型水环境污染指标体系,分析了江苏省农田污染负荷、工业污染负荷的空间分布特点。利用SPSS18.0软件,对整理的指标数据进行主成分分析,从而得出产业结构污染因子。利用聚类分析研究了江苏省水环境综合污染的空间分布情况,计算苏南、苏中、苏北和区、县(市)的各主成分及综合平均得分值,对比区和县(市)两级以及苏南、苏中、苏北水环境污染等级的影响因素。本文主要研究结果如下:(1)江苏省产业结构污染因子分别为土地利用强度因子、非农结构因子、工业点源污染因子、农业面源污染因子和污染削减能力因子,从而得出区域水环境污染的最大因素是工业化进程的加快,然而,水环境的恶化是多种因素共同作用的结果,(2)江苏省社会经济发展对水环境污染的影响分为高、中和低3个等级。其中水环境污染影响高等的单元23个,面积2274km~2,占江苏省总面积比重为2.22%;水环境污染影响中等的单元有45个,占江苏省总面积为48687km~2,占江苏省总面积比重47.45%;水环境污染影响低等的单元有37个,总面积为51639km~2,占江苏省总面积比重50.33%。(3)市区作为城市经济发展的核心,产量高,总环境成本消耗量也大。县(市)在农药和化肥的投入量也相对较大。县(市)级污染削减能力低于区级。江苏省苏南地区经济发展较快,苏中地区加快追赶苏南经济的步伐,工业化进程迅速,所以苏南和苏中地区工业产值较高,对水环境的压力较大,而苏北地区相较于苏中和苏南地区在农业产值比重较高,农北面源污染较为严重。另外,苏北地区相较于苏中和苏南地区污染削减能力弱。
[Abstract]:Water resource is an important natural resource, which is closely related to social and economic construction and people's daily life. It is also an important element of ecological environment since 1970s, with the development of Jiangsu's economy. Industrial wastewater in most cities is discharged directly into rivers and lakes without any treatment, as well as in rural areas where chemical fertilizers and pesticides are used in large quantities, and the natural water environment is seriously polluted. The water environment pollution seriously affects the circulation development of the society and economy. It is an important way to control the water environment pollution to carry out the adjustment of the industrial structure, the comprehensive treatment of the engineering treatment and the strengthening of the environmental supervision system. The development of various industries is the driving force to realize the continuous growth of the social economy, at the same time, the development of the industry also brings different levels of pollution to the environment, so adjusting the industrial structure and optimizing the industrial upgrading are to reduce the emission of pollutants. An important decision to improve the quality of the ecological environment. Taking county (city and district) as evaluation unit, this paper constructs a composite water environment pollution index system which comprehensively reflects the influence of industrial structure on water environment pollution, and analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of farmland pollution load and industrial pollution load in Jiangsu Province. By using SPSS18.0 software, the principal component analysis of the index data is carried out, and the pollution factor of industrial structure is obtained. The spatial distribution of comprehensive pollution of water environment in Jiangsu Province was studied by cluster analysis. The principal components and the comprehensive average scores of each principal component and comprehensive average score of south Jiangsu, middle Jiangsu, northern Jiangsu and district (city) were calculated, and the comparison area and county (city) levels, as well as southern Jiangsu and central Jiangsu, were calculated. Influencing factors of Water pollution Grade in Northern Jiangsu Province. The main results of this paper are as follows: (1) the pollution factors of industrial structure in Jiangsu Province are land use intensity factor, non-agricultural structure factor, industrial point source pollution factor, agricultural non-point source pollution factor and pollution reduction ability factor, respectively. It is concluded that the biggest factor of regional water environment pollution is the acceleration of industrialization. However, the deterioration of water environment is the result of the joint action of many factors. (2) the impact of social and economic development on water environment pollution in Jiangsu Province is high. Middle and low levels 3. Among them, 23 units with an area of 2274km2, accounting for 2.22% of the total area of Jiangsu Province, have a moderate impact on water environment pollution, and 45 units have a moderate impact on water environment pollution. The total area of Jiangsu Province is 48687km2, and the proportion of Jiangsu Province's total area is 47.450.The urban area is the core of urban economic development, and the output is high, with a total area of 51639kmm2 and a total area of 51639kmm2. Total environmental cost consumption is also large. County (city) in the pesticide and fertilizer input is relatively large. The ability of reducing pollution at county (city) level is lower than that at district level. The economic development of southern Jiangsu Province is relatively fast, and the central Jiangsu region is speeding up the pace of catching up with the southern Jiangsu economy and the rapid process of industrialization. Therefore, the industrial output value of the southern and central Jiangsu regions is relatively high, and the pressure on the water environment is greater. The proportion of agricultural output value in north Jiangsu is higher than that in central Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu, and the non-point source pollution in northern Jiangsu is more serious. In addition, the north of Jiangsu is weaker than the middle and south of Jiangsu.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X322;X52

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