江苏省水土保持分区生态敏感性评价

发布时间：2018-04-30 08:07

本文选题：生态敏感性评价 + 水土保持区划　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态敏感性,指的是生态系统对于人类干扰和自然变化的一种反映程度,其说明的是区域发生生态环境问题的可能性大小。区域生态敏感性越高,生态系统越容易受损,因此敏感性过高的区域,应是保护及恢复的重点对象,同样也应该是人类活动受限或者禁止的地区。进行生态敏感性评价可以分析生态环境问题,指导人类活动,促进生态环境的保护。国内对生态敏感性的研究,选取的指标以自然因子为主,对人为因子指标的考虑不够;研究的尺度方面基本都以省、市、区为主,还没有以对水土保持分区为尺度进行的敏感性评价。本文综合考虑自然和人为两大因子,构建江苏省生态敏感性评价指标体系,利用改进的层次分析法确定指标权重,基于GIS空间分析功能,以250m×250m栅格为单元,通过加权求和,进行江苏省生态敏感性综合评价,同时结合江苏省最新的水土保持区划,开展水土保持三级分区生态敏感性评价。主要研究结果如下:(1)生态敏感性分为不敏感、轻度敏感、中度敏感和高度敏感四个等级,并主要以轻度及中度敏感为主,其中不敏感区、轻度敏感区、中度敏感区及高度敏感区面积比例分别为 14.35%,43.13%,30.39%和 12.12%。(2)全省19个水土保持分区生态敏感性程度排名由低到高分别为:7区、8区、19区、18区、9区、12区、4区、5区、10区、6区、14区、1区、15区、11区、2区、13区、3区、16区、17区,其中有7个区生态敏感性总体评价偏敏感,12个区生态敏感性总体评价较适中。在选取指标方面,研究对江苏省进行的生态敏感性评价,尝试性的加入人为因子,能基本反映人口密度、建设强度和人为干扰强度大的江苏省生态环境特点,并为其它经济发达省份提供借鉴;在评价尺度方面,对全省19个水土保持分区进行生态敏感性评价,可以结合水土保持基础功能和敏感性评价结果,共同参与到水土保持治理工作中,为水土保持的规划提供科学的参考。
[Abstract]:Ecological sensitivity refers to the degree of response of ecosystem to human disturbance and natural change, which indicates the possibility of ecological and environmental problems occurring in the region. The higher the regional ecological sensitivity, the more vulnerable the ecosystem is. Therefore, the region with high sensitivity should be the key object of protection and restoration, and should also be the restricted or forbidden area of human activities. Ecological sensitivity assessment can analyze ecological environment problems, guide human activities and promote ecological environment protection. In domestic studies on ecological sensitivity, the selected indicators are mainly natural factors, but not enough for human factors. The scale of the study is basically provincial, municipal and district. There is no sensitivity evaluation on the scale of soil and water conservation zoning. Considering both natural and man-made factors, this paper constructs an index system of ecological sensitivity evaluation in Jiangsu Province. The index weight is determined by using the improved Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Based on the spatial analysis function of GIS, the 250m 脳 250m grid is taken as the unit, and the weighted summation is adopted. A comprehensive evaluation of ecological sensitivity of Jiangsu Province was carried out. At the same time, combined with the latest regionalization of soil and water conservation in Jiangsu Province, the ecological sensitivity evaluation of soil and water conservation zone was carried out. The main results are as follows: (1) Ecological sensitivity is divided into four grades: insensitivity, mild sensitivity, moderate sensitivity and high sensitivity. The proportion of area of moderate sensitive area and highly sensitive area were 14.350.39% and 12.120.39%, respectively.) the ecological sensitivity degree of 19 soil and water conservation zonation in the whole province was from low to high. The rank of ecological sensitivity of 19 soil and water conservation zonation in the whole province were respectively: 1. 7, 0. 7, 0. 8, 0. 19, 1. 18,. Area No. 1, area No. 1, area No. 15, area No. 11, area No. 11, area No. 2, area No. 13, area No. 13, area No. 3, area No. 16, area No. 17, The overall ecological sensitivity of 7 regions was relatively sensitive, while that of 12 regions was moderate. In the aspect of selecting indexes, the ecological sensitivity evaluation of Jiangsu Province is studied. The artificial factor is added to Jiangsu Province, which can basically reflect the characteristics of the ecological environment of Jiangsu Province, where the population density, the intensity of construction and the intensity of human disturbance are high. The ecological sensitivity evaluation of 19 soil and water conservation zones in the province can be combined with the basic function of soil and water conservation and the results of sensitivity evaluation. To participate in soil and water conservation management and provide scientific reference for soil and water conservation planning.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S157;X826

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