铅元素人为循环释放物的风险评价（英文）

发布时间：2018-04-30 20:05

本文选题：铅 + 源头　；参考：《Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China》2016年01期

【摘要】：开展从源头释放到风险产生全过程的评价可有效指导铅污染的控制。通过建立包含释放物源头、环境过程、暴露途径及风险值计算的铅风险评价的模型,对人为循环中铅源头释放物的健康风险、生态风险及综合风险进行评价。采用系数估算值来表征铅释放物在环境中衰减和暴露水平。结果表明:2010年中国所产生的1887 t铅释放物(基于前期研究结果),经过环境衰减和暴露过程后,可形成健康风险的铅释放物量为1.3 t(人均水平为0.9mg/ca),而可形成生态风险的铅释放物量为2.7 t。铅释放的源头集中在使用阶段,而产生的风险主要集中在废物管理与回收阶段和生产阶段。从形态来看,产生健康风险最多的形态为PbO,而PbSO_4为造成生态风险最多的化合物。铅释放物中的PbSO_4、PbO和Pb形态所导致的风险占总风险的71%,在风险管理中应关注这三种形态。
[Abstract]:Evaluation of the whole process from source release to risk generation can effectively guide lead pollution control. Based on the model of lead risk assessment including the source of release, environmental process, exposure path and risk value, the health risk, ecological risk and comprehensive risk of lead release from anthropogenic circulation were evaluated. Coefficient estimates are used to characterize the attenuation and exposure of lead releases in the environment. The results show that 1887 tons of lead released from China in 2010 (based on the results of previous studies, after environmental decay and exposure), The amount of lead released to form health risk was 1.3 t (per capita level was 0.9 mg / cai), and the amount of lead released to form ecological risk was 2.7 t. The source of lead release is concentrated in the use stage, while the risk is mainly concentrated in the waste management and recovery stage and the production stage. From the morphological point of view, the most health risk form is PBO, while PbSO_4 is the most ecological risk compound. The risks caused by PBSO4PbO and Pb forms in lead releases account for 71% of the total risk, which should be paid attention to in risk management.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学环境学院环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室;
【基金】：Project(41171361) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
【分类号】：X142;X820.4

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