几种新型酚类传感器的构置及应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-01 12:33

本文选题：电化学传感器 + 邻苯二酚　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：酚类污染物是一类会对土壤和水资源造成严重污染的有机污染物,其含量监测对人类健康和环境保护意义重大。目前已有多种方法用于此类物质的分析检测,其中电化学方法因其高效、灵敏、操作简单等优点被广范用于各种酚类物质的检测中。新型传感界面的构建是实现电化学检测的关键。本论文制备了三种新型化学修饰电极并基于此构建了新型传感界面,用于环境污染物中酚类物质的电化学检测。该研究为环境中酚类物质的高灵敏度、高选择性的检测提供了新思路,同时对于拓展电化学传感界面的应用范围具有重要意义。本论文共分四章,主要研究内容包括:1.通过电聚合的方法成功制备了聚铍试剂修饰碳糊电极(PBL-II/CPE),分别采用循环伏安法(CV)和交流阻抗法(EIS)对PBL-II/CPE的电化学性质进行了表征,并对邻苯二酚(PC)和对苯二酚(HQ)进行了选择性测定,二者检出限分别为0.8μmol/L和1.0μmol/L(三倍的基线噪音S/N=3)。同时使用该方法对水样中PC和HQ进行了定量分析,回收率在99~103%,表明该方法可用于水质中酚类物质的测定。2.采用水热合成法制备了纳米氢氧化镧,基于此构建了基于纳米氢氧化镧和烟酸的复合材料新型电化学传感器PNA/La(OH)3/CPE。通过CV和EIS研究了双酚A(BPA)在PNA/La(OH)3/CPE上的电化学行为。结果表明,纳米氢氧化镧和烟酸的协同催化作用使该传感器表现出较高的电催化能力。BPA在PNA/La(OH)3/CPE的线性范围为0.05~65μmol/L,检出限为0.02μmol/L(S/N=3)。该方法较传统电极具有检出限低、灵敏度高,线性范围宽的特点。3.通过滴涂法将碳纳米管固定到碳糊电极表面,再采用计时电流法将纳米金成功沉积到了碳纳米管上,制得纳米金/碳纳米管复合修饰电极(AuNPs/CNT/CPE),并采用SEM和电化学方法对AuNPs/CNT/CPE进行了表征。采用CV研究了BPA在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。研究发现,AuNPs/CNT/CPE对BPA具有良好的电催化性能。将该修饰电极用于BPA的检测,检出限为0.3nmol/L(S/N=3),与其他修饰电极相比AuNPs/CNT/CPE具有较低的检出限,较宽的线性范围。对AuNPs/CNT/CPE的稳定性和抗干扰性分别进行了研究,效果良好。
[Abstract]:Phenolic pollutants are a kind of organic pollutants which can cause serious pollution to soil and water resources. Its content monitoring is of great significance to human health and environmental protection. At present, many methods have been used for the analysis and detection of these substances, among which electrochemical method has been widely used in the detection of phenolic substances because of its high efficiency, sensitivity and simple operation. The construction of new sensing interface is the key to realize electrochemical detection. In this paper, three novel chemically modified electrodes were prepared and a novel sensing interface was constructed for the electrochemical detection of phenols in environmental pollutants. This study provides a new idea for the detection of high sensitivity and selectivity of phenolic substances in the environment, and it is of great significance to expand the application of electrochemical sensing interface. This thesis is divided into four chapters, the main research contents include: 1. Poly (beryllium) modified carbon paste electrode (PBL-II / CPEN) was successfully prepared by electropolymerization. The electrochemical properties of PBL-II/CPE were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and AC impedance spectroscopy (PBL-II/CPE). The detection limits were 0.8 渭 mol/L and 1.0 渭 mol / L, respectively. At the same time, the method was used for quantitative analysis of PC and HQ in water samples. The recovery rate of PC and HQ in water samples was 99 ~ 1033, which indicated that the method could be applied to the determination of phenolic substances in water. Nano-lanthanum hydroxide was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. Based on this, a novel electrochemical sensor PNA-LaOHO _ 3 / CPE based on nano-lanthanum hydroxide and nicotinic acid was constructed. The electrochemical behavior of bisphenol A (BPA) on PNA/La(OH)3/CPE was studied by CV and EIS. The results show that the synergistic catalysis of lanthanum hydroxide and nicotinic acid makes the sensor have a high electrocatalytic ability. The linear range of BPA in PNA/La(OH)3/CPE is 0.05 ~ 65 渭 mol / L and the detection limit is 0.02 渭 mol / L ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1) ~ (-1). The method has the advantages of lower detection limit, higher sensitivity and wider linear range than traditional electrode. Carbon nanotubes were immobilized on the surface of the carbon paste electrode by drip coating method, and the gold nanoparticles were successfully deposited on carbon nanotubes by chronoamperometric method. Gold / carbon nanotube composite modified electrode was prepared and characterized by SEM and electrochemical method. The electrochemical behavior of BPA on the modified electrode was studied by CV. It is found that AuNPs / CNT / CPE has good electrocatalytic performance for BPA. The detection limit of the modified electrode for BPA is 0.3 nmol / L ~ (-1) S / N ~ (3) N ~ (3 +). Compared with other modified electrodes, the detection limit of AuNPs/CNT/CPE is lower and the linear range is wider. The stability and anti-interference of AuNPs/CNT/CPE are studied, and the results are good.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O657.1;X830

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