“美丽中国”视阈下政府生态文明制度建设探究

发布时间：2018-05-02 22:02

本文选题：生态文明 + 生态文明制度　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：生态环境问题越来越成为困扰中国经济和社会发展的重大问题,政府把“美丽中国”上升为国家战略层面,也使生态文明建设有了清晰的目标和方向。广义的“美丽中国”既包括自然之美、也包括将生态文明理念融入其中的物质文明、精神文明、政治文明之美,最终落脚在“美好生活”之美的诸多层面。中国环境事业经过几十年的发展,思路越来越清晰,但问题仍然非常的多,需要加强生态文明的制度体系建设。因为,它是新时期文明转型的必然要求,是生态文明理念转变为实践的衔接点,是中国综合复杂环境问题的客观要求,更是在为建设“美丽中国”保驾护航。盘锦市政府针对自己的自然生态及资源能源状况、社会经济发展状况,及环境建设面临的一系列挑战,制定了一系列生态文明建设的相关制度,积极发挥了地方政府在生态环境建设中的作用。生态文明的制度内容复杂,目前,中国生态文明制度建设还非常不完善,生态环境评价指标体系不健全,干部考核体制不完善,相关环境职能部门职能界限不清晰,这些都反映出中国生态文明管理体制的局限性。同时,环境法律的独立运行环境比较弱,环境治理手段违背法治精神,生态文化价值观的严重缺失,一些具体但现实中却特别需要的环境制度尚未建立起来,这些都是中国生态文明制度建设所面临的困境。针对这些问题,本文从以下几个方面探寻了生态文明制度体系建构的具体路径。第一,要实现执政思维方式的生态化,既要实现党的执政理念生态化,又要使政府宏观决策思维方式、实践思维方式生态化,同时,还要促进环境立法和执法思维方式的生态化,从思想层面为生态文明制度建设奠定坚实基础。第二,要进一步改革和完善生态文明管理体制,在经济社会发展评价体系中纳入生态文明评价,在干部考核制度中把生态文明建设和生态环境保护作为一个不可或缺的层面进行考核,同时必须建立生态环境保护责任追究制度。第三,要使环境领域的法律法规体系更趋完善,要充分尊重法治精神,加大环境执法的力度。第四,集中精力建立具体的环境制度。对国土空间开发,自然资源的产权及用途管制,各种生态红线等都必须确立具体的制度。从而形成真正的制度体系。生态文明制度体系建设是一项复杂的系统工程,不能急于求成,也不能顺其自然,政府必须负起责任,在生态文明制度建设过程中发挥主导作用。
[Abstract]:The problem of ecological environment has increasingly become a major problem puzzling China's economic and social development. The government has raised "beautiful China" to a national strategic level, which has also made the construction of ecological civilization have a clear goal and direction. The broad sense of "beautiful China" includes not only the beauty of nature, but also the beauty of material civilization, spiritual civilization and political civilization. After decades of development, China's environmental cause has become more and more clear, but there are still many problems, so it is necessary to strengthen the system construction of ecological civilization. Because it is the inevitable requirement of the transformation of civilization in the new period, the connecting point of the transformation of the concept of ecological civilization into practice, the objective requirement of China's comprehensive and complex environmental problems, and the escort for the construction of "beautiful China". The Panjin Municipal Government has formulated a series of related systems for the construction of ecological civilization in the light of its natural ecology and energy resources, social and economic development, and a series of challenges facing the construction of the environment. The role of local governments in the construction of the ecological environment has been actively brought into play. The contents of the ecological civilization system are complex. At present, the construction of the ecological civilization system in China is still very imperfect, the ecological environment evaluation index system is not perfect, the cadre assessment system is not perfect, and the functional boundaries of the relevant environmental functional departments are not clear. All these reflect the limitation of Chinese ecological civilization management system. At the same time, the independent running environment of environmental law is relatively weak, the environmental governance means violate the spirit of rule of law, the ecological cultural values are seriously lacking, and some specific environmental systems, which are especially needed in reality, have not yet been established. These are the dilemmas faced by the construction of Chinese ecological civilization system. In view of these problems, this paper explores the specific path of the construction of ecological civilization system from the following aspects. First, in order to realize the ecologicalization of the ruling mode of thinking, we should not only realize the ecologicalization of the Party's ruling concept, but also make the government's macro-decision-making mode of thinking, practical mode of thinking ecological, and at the same time, It is also necessary to promote the ecologicalization of environmental legislation and law enforcement thinking mode and lay a solid foundation for the construction of ecological civilization system from the ideological level. Second, it is necessary to further reform and improve the management system of ecological civilization and to incorporate the evaluation of ecological civilization into the evaluation system of economic and social development. The construction of ecological civilization and the protection of ecological environment should be considered as an indispensable level in the cadre appraisal system. At the same time, the system of investigating the responsibility for ecological environment protection must be established. Third, it is necessary to improve the system of laws and regulations in the field of environment, fully respect the spirit of the rule of law, and strengthen the enforcement of environmental law. Fourth, focus on the establishment of a specific environmental system. It is necessary to establish specific systems for land and space development, property rights and use control of natural resources, and various ecological red lines. To form a real system of institutions. The construction of ecological civilization system is a complex systematic project, which can not be achieved in haste, nor can it be allowed to take its course. The government must take the responsibility and play a leading role in the construction of ecological civilization system.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X321

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