宜宾市宗场地区水文地质特征及地下水污染物迁移研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 05:27

本文选题：水文地质特征 + 地下水污染机理　；参考：《成都理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究区隶属宜宾市,位于四川盆地南缘,属红层缺水区,红层“打井找水”工程部分缓解了该区的缺水状况,当地居民仍然面临着水量的持续性及水质的安全性等问题。论文以红层地区水文地质条件为背景,研究该区内含水层富水性特性、地下水化学类型、补径排特征;运用单指标评价法、内梅罗指数法及模糊综合评价法,评价该区地下水水质现状,并分析该区地下水污染来源,在此基础上,进一步探讨区内地下水污染物迁移过程,结合该区水文地质条件,建立相应的地下水污染物迁移数学模型,用解析法求取地下水污染物迁移范围与迁移时间的关系,取得成果如下:研究区内地下水类型按埋藏条件分为第四系松散岩类孔隙水、碎屑岩类风化孔隙-裂隙水及层间裂隙水,以风化带孔隙-裂隙水为主,浅层地下水埋深为0.12~28.6m,沟谷区埋深相对较浅。受人类活动影响较大,SO42-、Cl-在地下水中的含量增加,使该地区水化学类型趋于复杂,达18类,以HCO3-Ca、HCO3+SO4-Ca、HCO3+SO4-Na+Ca为主。单指标水质评价结果表明,区内部分地区p H值、TDS、总硬度、SO42-、NO3-等组分超标过地下水饮用标准,是影响地下水质量的主要因素;根据内梅罗指数法研究区内地下水质量总体状况较差,水质质量较差-极差水样占85.19%;根据模糊综合评价法,研究区内地下水质量达III类水标准的水样与超III类水样均为50%,各占一半。综合分析表明,研究区内地下水水质情况整体较好,但部分地区存在单指标超标现象(如:TDS、总硬度、SO42-、NO3-),其中NO3-多数地区达V级标准,为影响区内地下水质量的最主要因素。概化研究区内水文地质条件,选取NO3-作为模拟因子,得到数学概化模型,利用解析解,得出在NO3-沿地下水方向的污染距离与时间呈线性关系;得出在某一固定点,污染物浓度与时间呈指数关系;在某一时刻,距离与污染物浓度指数关系。
[Abstract]:The research area belongs to Yibin city, which is located in the southern margin of Sichuan basin. It belongs to the region of red bed water shortage. The project of "drilling wells and finding water" in the red bed partly alleviates the water shortage in this area, and the local residents are still faced with the problems of water quantity sustainability and water quality safety and so on. Based on the hydrogeological conditions of the red bed area, this paper studies the water-rich characteristics of the aquifer, the chemical type of groundwater, the characteristics of the supplementary diameter and drainage, and uses the single index evaluation method, the Nemero index method and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The present situation of groundwater quality in this area is evaluated, and the source of groundwater pollution in this area is analyzed. On the basis of this, the migration process of groundwater pollutants in this area is further discussed, and the hydrogeological conditions in this area are combined. The corresponding mathematical model of groundwater pollutant migration is established, and the relationship between groundwater pollutant migration range and migration time is obtained by analytical method. The results are as follows: the groundwater types in the study area are divided into Quaternary loose rock pore water according to burial conditions. The weathering pore-fissure water and interlayer fissure water of clastic rocks are mainly pore-fissure water in weathering zone. The buried depth of shallow groundwater is 0.12 ~ 28.6 m, and the buried depth of gully area is relatively shallow. The content of so _ 42-Cl- in groundwater was increased greatly by human activities, which made the hydrochemical types in this area more complex, reaching to 18 types, with HCO _ 3-CaO _ 3SO _ 4-CaO _ 3 SO4-Na Ca as the dominant factor. The results of single index water quality evaluation show that the pH value of TDS and the total hardness of so _ 42-no _ 3- in some areas exceed the standard of groundwater drinking, which are the main factors that affect the quality of groundwater. According to the general condition of groundwater quality in the study area studied by Nemero index method, the quality of groundwater is poor and the water quality is very poor, which accounts for 85.19 percent, according to the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, In the study area, the quality of groundwater up to the standard of III type water samples and super III water samples are 50, each half. The comprehensive analysis shows that the groundwater quality in the study area is good as a whole, but in some areas there exists the phenomenon of single index exceeding the standard (such as: TDS, total hardness so _ 42-no _ 3-N _ 3-O _ 3-O _ 3-O _ 3-C), and no _ 3- is the most important factor affecting the quality of groundwater in this area. In the study area of generalizability, hydrogeological conditions were selected as simulation factors, mathematical generalization model was obtained, the analytical solution was used to obtain a linear relationship between the pollution distance and time in the direction of no _ 3- along the groundwater, and at a fixed point, a linear relationship was obtained between the pollution distance and the time of no _ 3- along the direction of groundwater. The relationship between pollutant concentration and time is exponential, and the relationship between distance and pollutant concentration is exponential at a certain time.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641;X523

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