石家庄市空气污染状况与气象条件相关性分析

发布时间：2018-05-07 05:48

本文选题：大气污染特征 + 污染现状　；参考：《河北科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年,大气污染状况日趋严重,雾霾天气频繁出现,从2013年1月起,大范围雾霾天气持续笼罩石家庄市区。针对这一现象,本文利用河北省石家庄市2013年的气象资料和8个国控监测点的大气环境质量监测数据,结合SPSS等分析软件,采用相关性分析的方法,综合分析了石家庄市大气环境污染特征,主要污染物浓度与气象条件的相关性,建立了大气环境质量监测实时分析示范应用平台,探讨了地理位置、气象条件、污染源等因素对石家庄大气污染的影响,并提出了相关治理建议。主要结论如下:1)2013年石家庄市大气污染严重,全年达标天数为50天,PM10是最主要的污染物,作为首要污染物的天数有208天,PM2.5、PM10和NO2年日均值分别为154、306、68μg/m3,均未达到《环境空气质量标准》(GB3095-2012)二级标准。4种大气污染物的月浓度变化规律相似,夏季污染物浓度均较低,冬季污染物浓度均较高。2)建立的大气环境质量监测实时分析示范应用平台共分为六部分,分别为空气质量指数(AQI)值、空气质量指数分指数(IAQI)综合走势、监测点IAQI值、监测点IAQI对比、天气关联分析和监测点排行榜。实时分析应用平台的建立为大气环境质量的科学化管理提供了实时信息支持。3)污染物浓度与气象条件相关性分析表明,气温、气压、风速、降水与大气环境中污染物浓度变化趋势呈负相关性,其中气温与大气污染有着显著的负相关关系,即污染物浓度随着气温的升高呈降低趋势;污染物浓度与气压的变化趋势整体成负相关关系,且在冬季相关性更为显著,低气压下污染物浓度会升高。风速与大气污染也表现为负相关,风速越大污染物浓度越低;在夏季,降水则与污染物浓度呈显著的负相关性,降水量越多,污染物浓度越低,降水对颗粒物有明显的清除作用。在上述研究的基础上揭示了大气污染的成因,提出了改善石家庄市大气质量,控制大气污染的对策和建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, air pollution is becoming more and more serious, haze weather frequently appears, from January, 2013, a large area of haze weather continues to shroud Shijiazhuang urban area. Aiming at this phenomenon, this paper uses the meteorological data of Shijiazhuang City in Hebei Province in 2013 and the atmospheric environmental quality monitoring data of 8 state-controlled monitoring sites, and combines with the analysis software such as SPSS, adopts the method of correlation analysis. The characteristics of air environment pollution in Shijiazhuang city and the correlation between main pollutant concentration and meteorological condition are analyzed synthetically. The application platform of real time analysis and demonstration of air environment quality monitoring is established, and the geographical location and meteorological condition are discussed. The influence of pollution sources and other factors on air pollution in Shijiazhuang is discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in 2013, air pollution in Shijiazhuang City was serious, and the number of days of reaching the standard in the whole year was 50 days, and PM10 was the most important pollutant. The average annual daily values of PM2.5 / PM10 and NO2 were 154306N 68 渭 g / m ~ 3, respectively, which did not reach the second class standard (GB3095-2012), and the monthly concentrations of 4 kinds of atmospheric pollutants were similar, and the concentrations of pollutants in summer were all low, and the average value of PM2.5 / PM10 and NO2 were 154306U / m ~ (3) respectively, which were similar to those of the second class standard (GB3095-2012). The application platform for real-time analysis and demonstration of atmospheric environmental quality monitoring in winter is divided into six parts: air quality index (AQI), air quality index (IAQI), and monitoring point (IAQI). Monitor point IAQI comparison, weather correlation analysis and monitoring point ranking. The establishment of real-time analysis and application platform provides real-time information support for scientific management of atmospheric environmental quality. 3) correlation analysis of pollutant concentration and meteorological conditions shows that air temperature, air pressure, wind speed, There is a negative correlation between precipitation and the change trend of pollutant concentration in the atmosphere, in which there is a significant negative correlation between air temperature and air pollution, that is, the concentration of pollutants decreases with the increase of air temperature. There was a negative correlation between pollutant concentration and the change trend of atmospheric pressure, and the correlation was more significant in winter, and the concentration of pollutants would increase under low pressure. The higher the wind speed is, the lower the pollutant concentration is, and in summer, there is a significant negative correlation between the precipitation and the pollutant concentration, the more precipitation, the lower the pollutant concentration. Precipitation has obvious scavenging effect on particulate matter. On the basis of the above research, the causes of air pollution are revealed, and the countermeasures and suggestions for improving air quality and controlling air pollution in Shijiazhuang City are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X51;X16

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