几种植物浮床的水质净化及水华防治效率

发布时间：2018-05-09 01:05

本文选题：植物浮床 + 水体净化　；参考：《中山大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年06期

【摘要】：分别构建香根草Vetiveria zizanioides、黄菖蒲Iris pseudacorus、西芹Apium graveolens浮床及其不同组合的植物浮床,并在水体中加入6种不同种类的浮游植物及一种水生动物-斑马鱼Danio rerio,研究不同浮床系统对水质的净化效应及其对水生生物的影响。结果显示三种植物在浮床上能健康生长,其生物量、株高和根长均明显增加,且香根草和黄菖蒲的长势优于西芹。植物浮床均能有效防止水体的中化学需氧量(CODMn)的上升,但各生态浮床植物之间无显著性差异;植物浮床能显著去除水体中的氮(N)、磷(P)营养盐,其中,香根草的去除效果最好,而西芹的效果相对较差。总体而言,在系统中添加斑马鱼能在一定程度上提高浮床系统对水体的净化功能。香根草浮床能显著抑制水体中浮游植物的生长,相对而言其他类型的植物浮床对浮游植物的抑制能力较弱或无显著影响,且不同种类浮游藻类对植物浮床的敏感度不同。香根草和黄菖蒲对生态浮床系统中斑马鱼的生物量具有促进作用,香根草的促进作用大于黄菖蒲。综上所述,香根草是一种优良的浮床植物,可广泛用于水体净化及水华防治,而黄菖蒲可用于城市景观水体的净化。
[Abstract]:Vetiveria zizanioides, Iris pseudacorus, Apium graveolens floatation bed of celery and their different combinations were constructed. Six different species of phytoplankton and one species of aquatic fauna, Danio rerio, were added to the water to study the purification effect of different floating bed systems on water quality and its effect on aquatic organisms. The results showed that three species of plants could grow healthily on floating bed, and their biomass, plant height and root length were significantly increased, and the growth of Vetiver and Acorus calamus was superior to that of celery. Plant floatation bed can effectively prevent the increase of COD _ (mn) in water body, but there is no significant difference among the plants in each ecological floating bed, and plant floating bed can significantly remove nitrogen and phosphorus (P _ (+) nutrients from water body, among which, the removal efficiency of vetiver grass is the best, and the plant floatation bed can effectively prevent the rise of COD _ (mn) in the water body, but there is no significant difference among the ecological floating bed plants. The effect of celery was relatively poor. In general, adding zebrafish to the system can improve the purification function of floating bed system to some extent. The growth of phytoplankton in water was significantly inhibited by Vetiver floatation, but the inhibition ability of other types of phytoplankton was weak or not, and the sensitivity of different phytoplankton to phytoplankton was different. Vetiver grass and Acorus calamus promoted the biomass of zebrafish in the ecological floating bed system, and the promoting effect of vetiver grass was greater than that of Acorus calamus. To sum up, vetiver is an excellent floating-bed plant, which can be widely used in water purification and Shui Hua control, while Acorus calamus can be used in the purification of urban landscape water body.
【作者单位】：中山大学生命科学学院;广东省水利水电技术中心;封开江口中学;
【基金】：广东省科技计划资助项目(2012B030800013) 广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项资助项目(A201201I02)
【分类号】：X52;X173

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