含高比例化工废水城镇污水厂强化除污染研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 01:27

本文选题：化工园区 + 污水厂　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业的发展,越来越多的化工合成产品进入到我们的生活之中。这些产品在给我们的生活带来便利的同时,却在其生产过程产生大量对环境有害的物质,尤其是产业集中区内,工业企业密集、工业污水种类多,同时随着园区内企业生产产品周期的不同,园区废水排放水量、水质具有不确定性,使得园区污水处理厂进水波动性极强而使现有工艺不能稳定达标。本文以江苏省污水处理厂A为依托,通过调研了解污水处理厂A的废水来源、处理水量,并通过对污水处理厂A各构筑物运行情况进行诊断,在对污水处理厂进行诊断基础之上通过小试对污水处理厂SBR工艺及化学除磷进行优化,同时结合污水处理厂水解池构造重新设计小试循环式水解反应器,并对其处理性能进行研究。此外,本文研究了臭氧、铁碳微电解、Fenton三种物化方法对污水厂A进水预处理的最佳反应条件及三种物化对废水中污染物结构的改变。最后,研究了铁碳微电解、复合式循环水解及SBR组合工艺对污染物的去除效果。SBR运行优化采用单一好氧、厌氧好氧、好氧厌氧三种方案,结果表明SBR最佳运行方式为进水1.5h,进水开始搅拌0.5h,曝气1.5h,沉淀1h,排水1h。实验研究了前端除磷、同步除磷及末端除磷,结果表明末端化学辅助除磷效果最好,当化学除磷剂聚合铝铁投加系数?=3时,出水能够保证在0.5mg/L一下,同时可以保持对COD去除率30%以上。对比了投加复合填料前后循环式水解反应器对污染物的去除情况,研究表明,投加复合填料可以明显提高水解反应器的处理效果,复合水解对COD去除率提高到30%以上。对复合式循环水解反应器水力停留时间的研究表明,当水力停留时间为10h,反应器对废水可生化性改变效果最好,使废水B/C平均由0.242提高到0.283。循环式水解与SBR联用实验表明,复合式循环水解与SBR联用抗冲击负荷能力较强,出水总磷单纯依靠生物处理不能稳定达标。当进水受到冲击时,通过投加碳源,废水中生物活性可以逐渐得到恢复。通过单因素实验研究了臭氧、微电解及Fenton三种物化方法的影响因素,同时对比了O3、微电解、Fenton三种物化预处理方法在其最佳反应条件下对废水的处理效果及对有机物结构的改变。如果对COD的去除及B/C的提高都有要求,建议选用微电解。对铁碳微电解、复合式循环水解及SBR联用工艺对污染物去除情况进行了监测,结果表明该工艺对氨氮达标率为100%,该联合工艺在运行中不需投加化学除磷剂,出水总磷达标率为100%;COD和总氮在正常情况下可以稳定达标,但受进水冲击的影响,会出现超标现象,组合工艺出水COD综合达标率为87.5%,对总氮达标率为75%。
[Abstract]:With the development of industry, more and more chemical synthetic products come into our life. While bringing convenience to our daily life, these products produce a large number of environmentally harmful substances in their production processes, especially in industrial concentration zones, where industrial enterprises are dense and industrial sewage types are numerous. At the same time, with the different production cycle of enterprises in the park, the quantity of wastewater discharge and the water quality are uncertain, which makes the fluctuation of influent water in the wastewater treatment plant of the park extremely strong and the existing process can not reach the standard stably. Based on the investigation of sewage treatment plant A in Jiangsu Province, this paper investigates the wastewater source and water quantity of sewage treatment plant A, and diagnoses the operation of each structure of sewage treatment plant A. Based on the diagnosis of sewage treatment plant, the SBR process and chemical phosphorus removal in sewage treatment plant were optimized by small scale test. At the same time, combined with the structure of hydrolysis pool of sewage treatment plant, the small scale circulating hydrolysis reactor was redesigned. And its processing performance was studied. In addition, three physicochemical methods, ozone and iron-carbon micro-electrolysis (Fenton), have been studied in this paper. The optimum conditions for pretreatment of influent A in wastewater treatment plant and the change of pollutants structure in wastewater by three kinds of physicochemical methods are studied. Finally, the removal efficiency of pollutants by iron-carbon microelectrolysis, combined cyclic hydrolysis and SBR process was studied. The single aerobic, anaerobic and aerobic schemes were used to optimize the operation of SBR. The results showed that the optimal operation mode of SBR was as follows: influent 1.5h, influent stirring 0.5h, aeration 1.5h, sedimentation 1h, drainage 1h. The experimental results show that the terminal chemically assisted phosphorus removal is the best. When the addition coefficient of the chemical dephosphorization agent is 3, the effluent can be guaranteed to be below 0.5mg/L. At the same time, the removal rate of COD can be kept above 30%. The removal of pollutants in the circulating hydrolysate reactor before and after adding the compound filler was compared. The results showed that the treatment effect of the hydrolytic reactor could be improved obviously by adding the compound filler, and the removal rate of COD by the compound hydrolysis could be increased to more than 30%. The study on the hydraulic retention time of the compound circulating hydrolysis reactor shows that when the hydraulic retention time is 10 h, the reactor has the best effect on the change of the biochemical property of the wastewater, and the average B / C ratio of the wastewater is increased from 0.242 to 0.283. The combined test of cyclic hydrolysis and SBR showed that the combined use of compound cyclic hydrolysis and SBR had strong impact load resistance, and the total phosphorus of effluent could not reach the standard by biological treatment alone. When the influent is impacted, the biological activity of wastewater can be gradually restored by adding carbon source. The influencing factors of three physicochemical methods, ozone, microelectrolysis and Fenton, were studied by single factor experiments. The effects of three physicochemical pretreatment methods, O _ 3 and O _ 3, and micro-electrolysis on the treatment of wastewater and the structure of organic matter were compared under the optimum reaction conditions. If the removal of COD and the improvement of B / C are required, microelectrolysis is recommended. The removal of pollutants was monitored by iron-carbon microelectrolysis, combined cyclic hydrolysis and SBR. The results showed that the rate of reaching the standard of ammonia and nitrogen was 100, and the chemical phosphorus remover was not needed in the operation of the combined process. The effluent total phosphorus reaches the standard rate of 100% and the total nitrogen can reach the standard stably under the normal condition, but under the influence of the influent impact, there will appear the phenomenon of exceeding the standard. The comprehensive standard rate of COD of the combined process is 87.5%, and the total nitrogen reaches the standard rate of 7575%.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703.1

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