鲴对食微囊藻鲢鳙排泄物及藻活性的作用研究

发布时间：2018-05-10 04:48

本文选题：鲴鱼 + 鲢　；参考：《中国环境科学》2016年12期

【摘要】：开展室内模拟实验,研究鲢、鳙和鲴不同混养系统中排泄物的量及微囊藻活性的变化.实验设置鲢鳙组合,鲢鳙鲴组合以及对照组,其中鲢鳙生物量放养比例为3:1,鲢鳙鲴组合中生物量放养比例为3:1:1,实验周期14d.结果显示,鲢鳙组和鲢鳙鲴组均能降低微囊藻密度,两组无显著差异(P0.05),但是均极显著小于对照组(P0.01).混养鲴鱼可以降低排泄物的量及微囊藻的被消化率,鲢鳙鲴组排泄物的量在第4d开始下降,实验结束时是鲢鳙组的16.08%.鲢鳙鲴组微囊藻的被消化率,第5d后快速增长,至实验结束达到85.9%,极显著高于鲢鳙组(P0.01).鲢鳙组和鲢鳙鲴组排泄物中的氨基酸和总氮含量相比未被摄食微囊藻减少率分别为33.17%、53.62%和34.97%、54.27%.鲢鳙鲴组和鲢鳙组排泄物光能活性(Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Yeld、q P及NPQ表示)和生长活性差异(EPS、Chla表示)较大,鲢鳙组微囊藻叶绿素荧光参数(除NPQ外)值经过短暂的下降后开始增长,而鲢鳙鲴组Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、Yeld及q P在培养过程中下降显著,且至第5d后叶绿素荧光参数(除NPQ外)均极显著低于鲢鳙组(P0.01).鲢鳙鲴组NPQ呈上升的趋势,且第7d后极显著高于鲢鳙组(P0.01).在排泄物培养期间,鲢鳙鲴组排泄物中微囊藻的胞外多糖(EPS)含量、叶绿素a(Chl a)浓度不断下降,至实验结束极显著低于鲢鳙组(P0.01).结果表明,在鲢鳙控藻的基础上,混养鲴鱼可以减少鲢鳙摄食微囊藻后的排泄物,同时降低排泄物中微囊藻活性,减少了因鲢鳙排泄物引起的水环境污染和生态影响.
[Abstract]:Laboratory simulation experiments were carried out to study the changes of excreta and microcystis activity in different mixed culture systems of silver carp bighead carp and catfish. The experiment set up the combination of silver carp and bighead carp, the combination of silver carp and bighead carp and the control group, in which the stocking ratio of the biomass of silver carp and bighead carp was 3: 1, and that of the combination of silver carp and bighead carp was 3: 1: 1. The results showed that both the silver carp and bighead carp groups could decrease the density of microcystis, and there was no significant difference between the two groups, but both of them were significantly lower than the control group (P 0.01). The amount of excreta and the digestibility of microcystis were decreased in the mixed culture group. The excreta of the silver carp and bighead carp group began to decrease on the 4th day. At the end of the experiment, it was 16.08 in the silver carp and bighead carp group. The digestibility of microcystis in the silver carp and bighead carp group increased rapidly after 5 days, and reached 85.9 at the end of the experiment, which was significantly higher than that in the silver carp and bighead carp group P0.01. The contents of amino acid and total nitrogen in excreta of silver carp and bighead carp group were 33.17% 53.62% and 34.97% 54.27% respectively. The difference between the light energy activity (FV / FmP / FV / FV / FV / FV P and NPQ) and the growth activity (EPS-Chla) of the excreta of silver carp and bighead carp group was greater. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter (except NPQ) of microcystis in silver carp and bighead carp group began to increase after a brief decrease. However, the FV / Fm / FV / FV / Foo Yeld and Q P of the silver carp and bighead carp group decreased significantly during the culture process, and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (except NPQ) were significantly lower than those of the silver carp and bighead carp group (except NPQ) at the 5th day. The NPQ of the silver carp and bighead carp group was higher than that of the silver carp and bighead carp group after 7 days. During fecal culture, the contents of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) and chlorophyll a(Chl a (chlorophyll a(Chl a) in the excreta of silver carp and bighead carp were significantly lower than those of silver carp and bighead carp group (P 0.01) at the end of the experiment. The results showed that, on the basis of controlling algae by silver carp and bighead carp, mixed culture could reduce the excrement of microcystis, decrease the activity of microcystis in excreta, and reduce the pollution of water environment and ecological effect caused by the excreta of silver carp and bighead carp.
【作者单位】：东南大学能源与工程学院;环境保护部南京环境科学研究所;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项课题(2012ZX07101-007)
【分类号】：S965;X52

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