成都市柴油车颗粒物排放特征分析

发布时间：2018-05-14 01:30

本文选题：柴油车 + 排放因子　；参考：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究对成都市重型柴油车客车、中型柴油客车以及轻型柴油客车的排放因子、排放清单以及颗粒物的特征谱进行了研究。首先,根据成都市区机动车的调查得出了机动车的保有量数据；其次,针对柴油车保有量的变化进行了分析及预测;接着采用ECOSTAR等仪器对柴油车行驶工况、尾气排放情况进行了道路测试,通过道路实测和模型模拟两种途径获得了柴油车的排放因子,并计算了柴油车的排放清单;同时,在对柴油车尾气排放情况测试的基础上,通过采样对柴油车颗粒物的组成成分进行了分析,在此基础上建立了柴油车颗粒物的排放特征。经统计,2012年成都市柴油车中占比较大的车型主要是轻型载货柴油车、重型载货柴油车、轻型载客柴油车和重型载客柴油车,分别占柴油车总量的55.87%、26.01%、10.08%和7.07%。成都市柴油车主要以国III为主,约占柴油车总量的73.89%。柴油载货车的污染物排放量显示轻型载货车对于CO2、NOx、SO2的贡献是高于中重型载货车,相比之下中重型载货车对于CO、PM、VOC、NH3的贡献较轻型载货车更高。轻型柴油车颗粒物的平均浓度为11665.1μg/m3(石英膜),重型柴油车颗粒物的平均浓度为42595.6ug/m3(石英膜)。轻型柴油车和重型柴油车中TC为主要排放物质,分别占总排放质量的83.89%和97.27%；柴油车水溶性离子以阴离子为主,轻型和重型柴油车中阴离子占比分别达到了68.7%和66.7%。轻型柴油车中阴离子分布比较均与,而重型柴油车中阴离子以N03-为主;阳离子都是以Ca2+为主。轻型柴油车中的元素以Ni Cr、Zn和Al为主,这四种元素占总元素的质量百分比为85.8%；重型柴油车以Al和Zn为主,这两种元素占总元素的质量百分比为83.5%。
[Abstract]:In this study, emission factors, emission inventory and characteristic spectrum of particulate matter of heavy diesel bus, medium diesel bus and light diesel bus in Chengdu were studied. First of all, according to the investigation of motor vehicles in Chengdu City, the data of vehicle ownership are obtained; secondly, the variation of diesel vehicle ownership is analyzed and predicted; then, the driving conditions of diesel vehicles are analyzed and forecasted by using ECOSTAR and other instruments. The emission factors of diesel vehicles are obtained by road measurement and model simulation, and the emission inventory of diesel vehicles is calculated. At the same time, on the basis of the test of exhaust emissions of diesel vehicles, The composition of diesel vehicle particles was analyzed by sampling, and the emission characteristics of diesel vehicle particles were established. According to statistics, the major types of diesel vehicles in Chengdu in 2012 are light duty diesel vehicles, heavy duty diesel vehicles, light passenger diesel vehicles and heavy duty diesel vehicles, accounting for 55.87% and 7.07% of the total diesel vehicles respectively. Chengdu diesel cars are mainly III, accounting for 73.89% of the total diesel vehicles. The pollutant emission from diesel trucks shows that the contribution of light goods vehicles to CO _ 2N _ XN _ XN _ 2 is higher than that of medium and heavy duty goods vehicles, and the contribution of medium and heavy duty trucks to CO _ (PM) VOC _ (C) NH _ 3 is higher than that of light goods vehicles. The average concentration of particulates in light diesel vehicles was 11665.1 渭 g / m ~ (3) (the average concentration of particles in heavy diesel vehicles was 42595.6 ug- m ~ (3). TC in light diesel vehicle and heavy diesel vehicle were the main emitters, accounting for 83.89% and 97.27% of the total emission mass respectively, the water soluble ions of diesel vehicle were mainly anions, and the anion ratio of light diesel vehicle and heavy diesel vehicle reached 68.7% and 66.7%, respectively. The distribution of anions in light diesel vehicles was compared with that in heavy duty diesel vehicles, while the anions in heavy diesel vehicles were mainly N03-, and the cations were mainly Ca2. The main elements in light diesel vehicle are Ni Cr Zn and Al, the mass percentage of these four elements is 85.8%, while that of heavy diesel vehicle is Al and Zn, the mass percentage of these two elements is 83.5%.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X734.2

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