河南省种植业生态系统能值分析

发布时间：2018-05-17 11:36

本文选题：河南省 + 种植业　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：能值分析理论是目前系统生态学和生态经济学发展的新成果,克服了传统生态系统分析方法(能量分析法)的不足,把不同种类、不可比较的能量统一转换成能值,能定量分析生态系统的结构和功能,评价与分析其可持续发展能力,为生态系统可持续发展开辟了一条新的研究途径。本文以河南省为例,基于河南省2006-2011年六年间种植业相关统计数据,采用生态系统能值分析模型和时间序列分析法,构建了河南省种植业生态系统能值指标体系,评价和分析了其能值指标体系中的各指标,对河南省种植业生态系统进行探讨,并提出了相关建议,主要结论如下：(1)通过生态系统能值分析模型,建立了河南省2006-2011年种植业生态系统能值投入表,系统分析了2006-2011年六年间,河南省种植业生态系统能值投入的具体情况。河南省2006年至2011年种植业生态系统能值投入量依次为：1.507 E+22 sej、1.537+22 sej、1.533E+22 sej、15.17E+22 sej、1.60E+22 sej、1.57E+22sej,其中不可更新工业辅助能值投入最大,化肥占得比例几乎每年都接近80%,根据优化施肥的相关知识可以判断当地化肥利用率低,一定程度上成为种植成本增加的主要原因。(2)建立了河南省2006-2011年种植业生态系统能值产出表。通过模型可得2006-2011年六年间河南省种植业生态系统能值产出量依次为1.72 E+22 sej、1.87 E+22 sej、1.90E+22 sej、1.91E+22sej、1.938+22 sej、2.02 E+22 sej,农作物能值产出逐年增加,说明河南省种植业产量在逐年升高,产量也在稳步升高。(3)构建了河南省种植业生态系统能值指标体系,即河南省2006-2011年系统各指标能值流量情况。其中有机辅助能值比率逐年下降(25.8%～21.3%),工业辅助能值比率逐年上升(53.5%～56.6%),这表明河南省种植业生态系统发展模式正在趋于现代化。人均能值用量(1.60E+14-1.70E+14)、能值密度(9.02E+11-9.58E+11)都表现出逐年上升的趋势,这表明了河南省种植业发展水平较高,等级地位较高,人民生活水平和生活质量提升较快。能值投资率(3.83-3.52)和能值购买率(79.3%-77.9%)呈现下降趋势,表明河南省种植业在发展过程中忽略了经济效益,其发展建立在高投入的基础之上。环境负载率从2006年的3.82下降至2011年的3.76,环境负载率在减少,种植业生态经济系统生产对自然环境的压力不是很大。(4)探讨了河南省种植业生态系统可持续发展的策略。由能值指标体系可得河南省种植业生态系统的可持续发展能值指标呈现逐年上升的趋势,但其指标远小于1(0.370～0.439),表明河南省种植业生态系统属于高消费的耗竭型生态系统,应调整优化系统投能结构,充分利用好环境资源,加大科技投入力度,提高种植业的生产效率和产品竞争能力,这样才能促进河南省种植业生态经济系统的可持续发展。(5)河南省种植业生态系统目前存在的主要问题,包括耕地地力不足,人口压力日益增大,种植业结构不合理,生态系统环境负载大,农业科学配套体系有待完善等。并相应的提出了解决问题的对策：推进土地整理和移土培肥工作,控制人口增长、提高生活质量,优化升级种植业结构,构建良好的生态环境,建立农业配套科学技术体系等。
[Abstract]:The theory of energy analysis is a new achievement in the development of system ecology and ecological economics. It overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional ecosystem analysis method (energy analysis method). It converts the energy of different kinds and uncomparable into the energy value. It can quantitatively analyze the structure and function of the ecosystem, evaluate and analyze its sustainable development ability, and make it ecological. The sustainable development of the system has opened up a new way of research. Based on Henan Province as an example, based on the statistical data of the planting industry in Henan Province in the past 2006-2011 years and six years, the eco system energy index system of the planting industry in Henan province is constructed by using the ecological system energy analysis model and the time series analysis method. The index body of the energy value of the Henan province is evaluated and analyzed. The indexes in the system are discussed and some suggestions are put forward. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) through the ecosystem energy analysis model, the energy input table of the 2006-2011 year Planting Ecosystem in Henan province is set up, and the energy input of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan province is systematically analyzed in the period of 2006-2011 years and six years. The energy input of Henan province from 2006 to 2011 was 1.507 E+22 sej, 1.537+22 sej, 1.533E+22 sej, 15.17E+22 sej, 1.60E+22 sej, 1.57E+22sej, among which the non renewable industrial auxiliary energy input was the largest, and the proportion of chemical fertilizer was nearly 80% every year, according to the knowledge of optimized fertilization. In order to judge the low utilization rate of local fertilizer, the main reason for increasing the cost of planting is to a certain extent. (2) the energy output table of the 2006-2011 year Planting Ecosystem in Henan province was established. Through the model, the energy output of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan province was 1.72 E+22 sej, 1.87 E+22 sej, 1.90E+22 sej, 1.91E+ in turn. 22sej, 1.938+22 sej, 2.02 E+22 sej, the output of crop can increase year by year, indicating that the production of planting industry in Henan is increasing year by year, and the output is steadily increasing. (3) the index system of energy value of the ecological system of planting industry in Henan province is constructed, that is, the capacity of each index in the 2006-2011 year system of Henan Province, the ratio of organic auxiliary energy is declining year by year. (25.8% to 21.3%), the industrial auxiliary energy ratio increased year by year (53.5% ~ 56.6%), which indicates that the development model of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan is becoming modernized. The per capita energy value (1.60E+14-1.70E+14) and the energy density (9.02E+11-9.58E+11) show a rising trend year by year, which indicates that the development level of the planting industry in Henan is higher and the level is higher. The people's living standard and the quality of life have been improved rapidly. The 3.83-3.52 and 79.3%-77.9% are declining. It shows that the growth of Henan planting industry has ignored the economic benefits, and its development is based on high investment. The environmental load rate dropped from 3.82 in 2006 to 3.76 in 2011. The environmental load rate is decreasing, the production of ecological economy system in the planting industry is not very heavy on the natural environment. (4) the strategy of sustainable development of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan province is discussed. The index system can obtain the trend of the sustainable development of the sustainable development of the Planting Ecosystem in Henan Province, but the index is far less than 1. (0.370 to 0.439), it shows that the Planting Ecosystem in Henan is a highly consuming and exhaustible ecosystem. It is necessary to adjust and optimize the investment structure of the system, make full use of the environmental resources, increase the investment of science and technology, improve the production efficiency of the planting industry and the competitive ability of the products, so as to promote the sustainability of the eco economic system of the planting industry in Henan province. (5) the main problems existing in the ecological system of the planting industry in Henan Province, including the shortage of cultivated land, the increasing population pressure, the unreasonable planting structure, the great load of the ecological system environment, the improvement of the agricultural scientific supporting system, and so on. We should increase population growth, improve the quality of life, optimize and upgrade the structure of planting industry, build a good ecological environment, and establish an integrated agricultural science and technology system.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S181

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