水库水质动态监测与评价研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 13:02

  本文选题：水库 + 动态　； 参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水库是重要的水利工程,在防洪、供水等方面发挥着重要的社会功能,在新时期水库的供水功能愈加突出,因此水库水质问题也成为理论研究和生产生活的焦点。本文针对水体水质的时空变化性和评价过程中各指标间相互影响以及指标与标准间的模糊边界问题,以大连市碧流河水库为例进行了水质时空监测及动态评价方面的研究,研究的主要成果如下：(1)水库污染源分布广,而且污染物进入水体后,会随水流运动发生迁移、转化,由于水库水体较大,水体水质要素在空间分布上存在差异；同时由于不同季节水文、气象等条件的影响,水体水质状态是动态连续变化的。结合这些特点,并在综合考虑水文、地形及水动力学条件的基础上对碧流河水库水质进行时空监测,获得了连续时空条件下的水质监测样本,为接下来的研究工作奠定了可靠的基础。建议对复杂地形边界的水库大水体进行时空综合监测来掌握水库水质实际状态。(2)针对水质综合评价中存在的模糊性和时空变化性两类问题,本文探索了基于可变模糊识别模型的动态评价方法,并结合GIS的地统计学模型对评价结果进行空间分析及可视化表达。将该方法应用于碧流河水库水质综合评价,结果显示该水库水质较好,均处于Ⅱ～Ⅲ类之间,表明该水库可作为稳定的生活供水水源。同时,实例应用与方法比较也验证了该方法的合理、适用性。(3)通过对水库水质时序演变过程、空间分布差异状况及深水区水质分层特征三方面的研究,可发现伴随着流域季节变化带来的降雨和温度的变化,水库部分监测指标会出现季节性超标现象,且水库综合水质也表现出一定的季节变化规律；由于受降雨径流、流域人类经济活动及水库水动力条件的空间差异的综合影响,水库水质呈现出由入库口向库区逐渐变好的空间分布态势,且在夏季水质空间差异最为显著；由于碧流河水库水深较深,水温和溶解氧会存在季节性分层现象,这使得水库内源污染风险水平提高,进而使得水库深水区存在表层水质好于底层的水质分层状况。(4)从点源、面源、内源污染及水库调度四个方面系统分析了水库水污染成因,结果表明降雨驱动的面源污染是水库面临的主要污染,同时水库内源污染也是不可忽视的。为有效保障水库水质安全供水,分别从削减外源污染、识别与控制内源污染、优化水质监测体系、加强水库规范化管理等方面探讨了水库水质保护对策。
[Abstract]:Reservoir is an important water conservancy project, which plays an important social function in flood control, water supply and so on. In the new period, the water supply function of reservoir becomes more and more prominent, so the water quality of reservoir has also become the focus of theoretical research and production and life. In view of the spatio-temporal variability of water quality and the interaction between the indexes and the fuzzy boundary between the indexes and standards, this paper studies the spatio-temporal monitoring and dynamic evaluation of water quality in the Biliuhe Reservoir of Dalian City. The main results of the study are as follows: (1) the pollution source of the reservoir is widely distributed, and when the pollutant enters the water body, it will migrate and transform with the water flow movement. Because of the large water body of the reservoir, there are differences in the spatial distribution of the water quality elements. At the same time, the water quality changes continuously because of the influence of hydrology and meteorology in different seasons. Combining these characteristics and considering the hydrological, topographic and hydrodynamic conditions, the water quality of the Biliuhe reservoir is monitored in time and space, and the water quality monitoring samples under continuous time and space conditions are obtained. For the next research work laid a reliable foundation. It is suggested that spatiotemporal comprehensive monitoring of large reservoir water body with complex terrain boundary should be carried out to master the actual water quality of reservoir. (2) aiming at the two kinds of problems existing in the comprehensive evaluation of water quality, such as fuzziness and spatiotemporal variability, it is suggested that In this paper, the dynamic evaluation method based on variable fuzzy recognition model is explored, and the spatial analysis and visual expression of the evaluation results are carried out based on the geostatistics model of GIS. The method is applied to the comprehensive evaluation of the water quality of the Biliuhe Reservoir. The results show that the water quality of the reservoir is good, which is between class 鈪，

本文编号：1901484