平凉市大气环境污染特征分析与监控方案优化

发布时间：2018-05-19 04:46

本文选题：大气环境 + 污染特征　；参考：《兰州大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：大气环境优劣事关人民群众健康与否,事关经济健康发展与否。当前,以可吸入颗粒物(PM10)、细颗粒物(PM2.5)为特征污染物的区域性大气环境问题日益突出,损害人民群众身体健康,影响社会和谐稳定。随着目前工业化、城镇化的深入推进,能源资源消耗持续增加,大气污染防治压力继续加大。2013年9月份,国务院印发了《大气污染防治行动计划》,提出了明确的行动目标。但由于平凉市处于西北部欠发达的地区,的大气污染特征和环境空气质量均有不同程度的差异,加之部分行业污染物排放标准出台较早,对排放口安装污染物自动监控设施未做要求或者仅提出“新建企业或现在企业安装污染物自动监控设施的相关要求,按有关法律和《污染源自动监控管理办法》的规定执行”,在实际操作中难以执行。本论文通过分析查阅资料,在了解国内外对各地大气污染特征及防治措施和监测监控方案研究的基础上,结合平凉市近三年大气环境质量和污染物监测数据、经济社会发展特征、产业结构、地区气候气象条件等,利用大气污染综合指数,分析得出平凉市大气环境污染具有明显的季节性和煤烟型特征,总结目前平凉市在大气环境质量监测监控和管理方面的不足和存在的问题,从而对当前的环境监测监控要求进行优化调整,从监控数据的质量、能力建设和体制机制等角度提出三个方面九条环境空气质量和污染源监测监控方案,同时结合排污许可情况,按照新《环境保护法》的相关条款要求,筛选一批市列重点废气排污单位实施自动监控,全方位、全时段监测污染物排放和污染治理设施运转情况,最终做到避免政策执行过程中的“一刀切”和环境质量数据无法准确反映当地环境特征的情形,针对优化调整的监控方案,提出了大气环境治理的措施和防控手段,从而为为平凉市实施陇东能源化工基地建设和甘肃省提出的“中心带动、两翼齐飞、组团发展、整体推进”的区域发展战略提供必要的理论支持,实现经济发展与天蓝地绿并行。
[Abstract]:The quality of the atmospheric environment is related to the health of the people and the healthy development of the economy. At present, the regional atmospheric environmental problems, characterized by particulate matter (PM10) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), are increasingly prominent, which harm the health of the people and affect social harmony and stability. With the deepening of industrialization and urbanization, the consumption of energy and resources is increasing, and the pressure of air pollution prevention and control is increasing. In September 2013, the State Council issued the Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Air pollution, and put forward a clear target for action. However, because Pingliang City is in an underdeveloped region in the northwest, the characteristics of air pollution and the ambient air quality are different to varying degrees, and the emission standards of pollutants in some industries are issued earlier. No requirements have been made for the installation of pollutant automatic monitoring facilities at discharge ports or only "the relevant requirements for the installation of pollutant automatic monitoring facilities by new or current enterprises shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations on automatic pollution source monitoring and administration", It is difficult to execute in practice. On the basis of analyzing and consulting data, on the basis of understanding the characteristics of air pollution, prevention and control measures and monitoring schemes at home and abroad, combined with the monitoring data of atmospheric environment quality and pollutants in Pingliang city in recent three years, The characteristics of economic and social development, industrial structure, regional climatic and meteorological conditions and so on. By using the comprehensive air pollution index, it is concluded that the atmospheric environment pollution in Pingliang city has obvious seasonal and soot characteristics. Summing up the deficiencies and problems existing in monitoring and management of atmospheric environmental quality in Pingliang City at present, so as to optimize and adjust the requirements of current environmental monitoring and control, and from the quality of monitoring data, From the perspectives of capacity-building and institutional mechanisms, this paper puts forward nine plans for monitoring and monitoring environmental air quality and pollution sources in three aspects, and at the same time, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the new Environmental Protection Law, To select a number of key municipal waste gas emission units to carry out automatic monitoring, and to monitor the discharge of pollutants and the operation of pollution control facilities in all directions and during the whole period of time, Finally, to avoid the "one-size-fits-all" situation in the process of policy implementation and the situation that the environmental quality data cannot accurately reflect the local environmental characteristics, aiming at the monitoring scheme of optimization and adjustment, the paper puts forward the measures and means of prevention and control for the control of the atmospheric environment. Thus providing necessary theoretical support for the implementation of the construction of the Longdong energy and chemical industry base in Pingliang City and the regional development strategy of "Center driving, both wings flying together, forming a regiment and promoting the whole" proposed by Gansu Province. To achieve economic development and the sky blue green parallel.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X51

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