开封城市河流表层沉积物重金属分布、污染来源及风险评估

发布时间：2018-05-19 19:30

本文选题：开封市 + 城市河流　；参考：《环境科学学报》2016年12期

【摘要】：河流沉积物重金属污染状况对河流水生态系统健康发展具有重要意义.采集开封城市河流水系表层沉积物,分析了沉积物p H、粒度、有机质、总氮及6种重金属含量,使用相关性与主成分分析方法对沉积物中重金属来源进行解析,并采用污染负荷指数法和沉积物质量基准系数法进行了重金属的污染评价.结果表明,开封城市河流表层沉积物有机质平均含量为88.87 g·kg-1,全氮平均含量为2.48 g·kg-1,重金属Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Zn和Pb含量远超河南省土壤元素背景值.相关分析和主成分分析显示,沉积物有机质、全氮含量和重金属含量有一定相关关系,而沉积物p H及平均粒径对重金属含量影响较小;6种重金属可被辨识出2个主成分,其中Cd、Cr、Zn和Pb为人为复合源因子,Cu和Ni为工业与自然源因子.污染负荷指数分析表明,惠济河和化肥河为强度污染,黄汴河、东护城河、药厂河和马家河为中度污染.沉积物质量基准系数评价结果表明,惠济河存在中等生态风险,化肥河存在高等生态风险,且沉积物重金属存在较大潜在生物毒性效应.
[Abstract]:Heavy metal pollution in river sediments is of great significance to the healthy development of river water ecosystem. The sediment contents of pH, grain size, organic matter, total nitrogen and six heavy metals were collected from the surface sediments of Kaifeng city river system. The sources of heavy metals in sediments were analyzed by correlation and principal component analysis (PCA). The pollution assessment of heavy metals was carried out by means of pollution load index method and sediment quality reference coefficient method. The results showed that the average contents of organic matter and total nitrogen were 88.87 g 路kg ~ (-1) and 2.48 g 路kg ~ (-1) in the surface sediments of Kaifeng city rivers, respectively. The contents of Zn and Pb in the heavy metals were much higher than the background values of soil elements in Henan Province. Correlation analysis and principal component analysis showed that organic matter, total nitrogen content and heavy metal content in sediments were correlated to some extent, while pH and average particle size of sediment had little effect on heavy metal content. Two principal components could be identified. Among them, Cr-Zn and Pb are composite source factors, Cu and Ni are industrial and natural sources. The pollution load index analysis showed that Huiji River and Fertilizer River were intensively polluted, while Huangbianhe, Dongcheng River, Pharmaceutical Factory River and Majiahe River were moderately polluted. The results showed that there were moderate ecological risks in Huiji River, higher ecological risks in chemical fertilizer rivers, and large potential biotoxicity effects of heavy metals in sediments.
【作者单位】：河南大学资源与环境研究所;黄河文明传承与现代文明建设河南省协同创新中心;河南大学环境与规划学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41101088,U1404401) 河南大学新兴交叉与特色学科培育项目(No.XXJC20140003) 河南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目(No.161RTSTHN012)~~
【分类号】：X52;X824

【相似文献】