低温等离子体活化废旧轮胎橡胶粉改进沥青性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 15:28

本文选题：废旧轮胎橡胶粉 + 低温等离子体　；参考：《苏州科技学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：汽车产业的快速发展带来的是废旧轮胎报废量的剧增,如何解决废旧轮胎带来的黑色污染,进行资源回收再利用,对于开展循环经济和生态化工业具有十分重要的意义。废旧轮胎是一项庞大的可再生资源,世界各国对它的资源化处理也越来越重视。低温等离子体改性是近年来发展比较快的一种新型材料表面改性技术。经过低温等离子体改性的材料不会改变其本体性能,只是改变了其表面性能。在辉光放电条件下进行低温等离子体活化处理,使气体部分或者全部离子化,包括电子、离子、光子和自由基等高能活性分子存在。而且根据选择工作气氛的不同,还可以对材料表面的物理化学结构进行目的性的改性。本文通过低温等离子体对废旧轮胎橡胶粉进行活化处理,再经过湿法工艺制备改性沥青,研究活化胶粉对改进沥青性能的影响。文章创新性的采用低温等离子体活化橡胶粉制备改性沥青,为废旧轮胎的资源化利用提供一条新思路。文章通对低温等离子体活化胶粉表面进行了较为完整的表征,采用傅里叶红外光谱分析和扫描电子显微镜,对活化前后橡胶粉的官能团和表面形貌进行了较为详细的分析;结果表明,经过低温等离子体活化的胶粉官能团种类没有发生明显的变化,但是特定的官能团含量有一定的变化,而且经过活化的胶粉表面刻蚀效果非常明显,胶粉的表面变的粗糙,以上结果表明低温等离子体活化技术可以促进胶粉与沥青的物理共混,为提高改性沥青的路用性能提供了理论基础。实验以湿法工艺在高速剪切机条件下制备改性沥青,通过三大指标检测、热重差热分析、布洛克菲尔得旋转粘度计和动态剪切流变仪研究了改性沥青的性能变化。结果表明改性沥青的针入度、软化点、延度和粘度都有很大改善,改性沥青的高温性能、低温性能、温度敏感性及温度稳定性都得到很大改善。差热分析结果证明,经过低温等离子体活化制备的改性沥青热稳定性增强,胶粉掺量为15%~20%时改性效果最好。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of automobile industry has brought about a sharp increase in the amount of waste tires. How to solve the black pollution caused by waste tires and recycle resources is of great significance for the development of recycling economy and eco-chemical industry. Waste tire is a huge renewable resource, and more attention has been paid to its recycling treatment in the world. Low temperature plasma modification is a new material surface modification technology developed rapidly in recent years. The material modified by low temperature plasma does not change its bulk properties, but only its surface properties. Under the condition of glow discharge, the gas is partially or completely ionized by low temperature plasma activation, including electrons, ions, photons and free radicals, and so on. In addition, the physicochemical structure of the material surface can be modified purposefully according to the different working atmosphere. In this paper, waste tire rubber powder was activated by low temperature plasma, and modified asphalt was prepared by wet process. The effect of activated rubber powder on the performance of asphalt was studied. In this paper, the modified asphalt is prepared by using low temperature plasma activated rubber powder, which provides a new idea for the utilization of waste tires. The surface of rubber powder activated by low temperature plasma was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The functional groups and surface morphology of rubber powder before and after activation were analyzed in detail. The results show that the type of functional groups activated by low temperature plasma does not change obviously, but the content of specific functional groups changes to a certain extent, and the surface etching effect of activated rubber powder is very obvious. The results show that the low temperature plasma activation technology can promote the physical blending of rubber powder and asphalt and provide a theoretical basis for improving the pavement performance of modified asphalt. The modified asphalt was prepared by wet process under the condition of high speed shearing machine. The performance changes of modified asphalt were studied by means of three indexes, thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis (TGA), Bradford rotary viscometer and dynamic shear rheometer. The results show that the penetration, softening point, ductility and viscosity of modified asphalt have been greatly improved, and the high temperature performance, low temperature performance, temperature sensitivity and temperature stability of modified asphalt have been greatly improved. The results of differential thermal analysis show that the thermal stability of modified asphalt prepared by low temperature plasma activation is enhanced and the modification effect is the best when the content of rubber powder is 15 ~ 20.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ522.65;X705

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