空化撞击流微电解处理高浓度有机废水的研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 15:24

本文选题：空化撞击流 + 煤制气废水　；参考：《沈阳工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年来，随着我国工业化发展的脚步日益向前迈进，在如此蓬勃的发展时期也带来了一些不可避免的麻烦。例如工业废水的排放量呈现每年增长的趋势，且水质污染趋于多样化，含有高浓度有机废水的污染源也日益增多。煤制气废水作为一种典型的多毒，高污染，难生化降解的煤化工废水，，已经在水污染领域成为了亟待解决的问题。目前煤制气废水的处理方法为三大块：预处理，生化处理和深度氧化处理，这些方法在单一使用的时候都会存在不同程度的缺陷。本文选择铁碳微电解法对煤制气废水进行处理，为了解决微电解法在实验过程中的一些致命缺陷，本文引用了一种新的反应器即空化撞击流反应器来作为铁碳微电解的反应器，进行了空化撞击流微电解处理煤制气废水的研究。研究主要分为两个部分，一部分为反应机理的研究；另外是实验研究部分。首先通过对高浓度有机废水的现状和处理方法进行了分析和总结，选用其中一种高COD，难降解的煤制气废水进行本课题的实验研究。并且对铁碳微电解，空化效应，撞击流，空化撞击流在处理废水的机理上进行了深入研究，分别从煤制气废水的性质和处理方法、铁碳微电解处理废水的特点和机理、空化撞击流反应设备的构造和原理等几个方面考察了空化撞击流微电解法处理废水的可行性，从而构思并设计了实验方案。此外，我们进行了空化撞击流微电解法对煤制气废水的实验研究。通过考察不同反应时间、Fe/C、pH值时煤制气废水被处理后COD、色度和氨氮去除率的变化，最终确定反应最佳条件，在最佳反应条件下进行空化撞击流微电解反应。考察泵压力对反应结果的影响，当得出最优结果之后与传统微电解最优结果进行对比，通过对比实验可以验证空化撞击流微电解法在处理煤制气废水中的绝对优势。分析实验结果发现：同样条件下空化撞击流微电解比传统微电解法在COD去除率上由88%提高到89%，色度去除率由75%提高到79%，氨氮去除率由50.2%提高到51.8%。于此同时，化学反应速率也提高了14.11%。本课题通过实验和机理的研究最终验证了空化撞击流微电解反应的可行性，也证明了撞击流耦合空化反应器应用在微电解反应上能够更高效更彻底的处理煤制气废水。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of industrialization in our country, it has brought some inevitable troubles. For example, the discharge of industrial wastewater is increasing every year, and the water pollution tends to be diversified, and the pollution source containing high concentration organic wastewater is increasing day by day. Coal gasification wastewater, as a typical multi-toxic, high-pollution, difficult biodegradable coal chemical wastewater, has become an urgent problem in the field of water pollution. At present, there are three major treatment methods for coal gasification wastewater: pretreatment, biochemical treatment and advanced oxidation treatment. In this paper, iron-carbon micro-electrolysis method is selected to treat coal gasification wastewater. In order to solve some fatal defects of micro-electrolysis process, a new reactor, cavitation impinging current reactor, is used as a reactor for iron-carbon micro-electrolysis. The treatment of coal gas wastewater by cavitation impinging flow microelectrolysis was studied. The research is mainly divided into two parts, one is the study of reaction mechanism, the other is experimental study. Firstly, the present situation and treatment methods of high concentration organic wastewater were analyzed and summarized. The mechanism of iron and carbon micro-electrolysis, cavitation effect, impingement flow and cavitation impaction flow in treating wastewater was studied. The characteristics and mechanism of iron and carbon micro-electrolysis treatment wastewater were analyzed from the characteristics and treatment methods of coal gasification wastewater, respectively. The structure and principle of cavitation impinging flow reaction equipment were studied in this paper. The feasibility of cavitation impinging stream micro-electrolysis for wastewater treatment was investigated, and the experimental scheme was designed. In addition, an experimental study on coal gasification wastewater by cavitation impinging flow microelectrolysis was carried out. By investigating the change of COD, chromaticity and ammonia nitrogen removal rate after coal gasification wastewater was treated at different reaction time and pH value, the optimum reaction conditions were determined, and cavitation impinging flow micro-electrolysis reaction was carried out under the optimum reaction conditions. The effect of pump pressure on the reaction results was investigated and the results were compared with those of traditional micro-electrolysis. The absolute superiority of cavitation impinging current micro-electrolysis in treating coal gasification wastewater could be verified by comparative experiments. The experimental results show that the removal rate of COD is increased from 88% to 89%, the removal rate of chromaticity is increased from 75% to 79%, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is increased from 50.2% to 51.8% under the same conditions. At the same time, the chemical reaction rate also increased by 14.11%. The feasibility of cavitation impinging flow micro-electrolysis reaction is finally verified by experiments and mechanism studies. It is also proved that impinging flow coupled cavitation reactor can treat coal gas wastewater more efficiently and thoroughly in micro-electrolysis reaction.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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