工业环境污染梯度转移及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 18:01

本文选题：环境污染梯度转移 + 招商引资　；参考：《南京农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随工业化进程的推进,产业带建设、招商引资工作与工业园区建设在全国许多地区逐步得到广泛开展。当前政府部门和学术界关注的热点问题是如何更好更快地招商引资,以及积极承接国外和发达地区的产业转移,实现经济的腾飞,因此他们研究重点主要集中在产业梯度转移对产业结构升级以及经济发展的正效应上,然而在这个背景下面,却掩盖着一个事实:产业梯度转移中存在着环境污染梯度转移。由于污染转移与产业转移混在一起,该问题未能得到足够的重视与深入的研究。本文研究的科学问题是探讨以产业梯度转移为名实质进行环境污染梯度转移的问题,创新之处在于将环境污染梯度转移从产业梯度转移中剥离出来,探讨环境污染梯度转移的界定,提出三步骤检验的新方法:①某地区污染状况总趋势的显著性检验。②招商引资额与环境污染关系的显著性检验。③环境污染梯度转移的影响因素分析。本文运用省级的环境污染物排放数据进行实证研究,剖析其影响因素和产生的后果。研究发现在东部地区,河北在2000年至2006年间已经形成环境污染梯度转入,其主要污染成分为废气(废水占22.6%,废气占77.4%,按污染物当量值计算,下同);在中部地区,山西(废水占11.2%,废气占88.8%)、安徽(废水占22.4%,废气占77.6%)、江西(废水占17.3%,废气占82.7%)和河南(废水占21.2%,废气占78.8%)在2000年至2011年间已经形成环境污染梯度转入;西部地区,内蒙古(废水占10.4%,废气占89.6%)、青海(废水占17.9%,废气占82.1%)和宁夏(废水占25.4%,废气占74.6%)在2000年至2011年间形成环境污染梯度转入。污染密集型产业是造成一个地区污染物排放量上升的一个很重要因素。招商引资政策在一定程度上对一个地区成为环境污染梯度转入起到正向作用,而环境准入措施和环境处罚措施在一定程度上对一个地区成为环境污染梯度转入起到负向作用。各地需要在工业园区或开发区建设之前进行战略性环评,划分优先开发区、控制开发区、限制开发区、禁止开发区;招商引资过程中不能以牺牲当地的环境为诱饵,将"招商引资"变成"招商选资";同时,要加强对污染密集型产业的环境监测,切实落实"三同时"制度;政府部门在招商引资的过程中需要设定适合当地经济发展水平的环境准入措施(环境门槛)和环境处罚措施;从硬件技术和软件技术两个方面提高控制污染转移的能力建设;建立和完善生态补偿机制。
[Abstract]:Along with the advancement of industrialization, the construction of industrial belt, the work of attracting investment and the construction of industrial park have been widely carried out in many parts of the country. At present, the hot issues concerned by government departments and academic circles are how to attract investment better and faster, and how to actively undertake industrial transfer from foreign countries and developed regions, so as to realize the rapid development of the economy. Therefore, their research focuses on the positive effects of industrial gradient transfer on industrial structure upgrading and economic development. However, under this background, there is a fact that environmental pollution gradient transfer exists in industrial gradient transfer. Due to the mix of pollution transfer and industrial transfer, the problem has not been paid enough attention and studied deeply. The scientific problem studied in this paper is to discuss the problem of environmental pollution gradient transfer in the name of industrial gradient transfer. The innovation lies in stripping the environmental pollution gradient transfer from the industrial gradient transfer. Discuss the definition of environmental pollution gradient transfer, A new method of three-step test was put forward to test the significance of the general trend of pollution in a certain area .2 the significance test of the relationship between the amount of investment attracted and the environmental pollution. 3. Analysis of factors affecting the gradient transfer of environmental pollution. This paper makes an empirical study on the discharge data of environmental pollutants at the provincial level and analyzes its influencing factors and consequences. The study found that in the eastern region, Hebei had formed an environmental pollution gradient between 2000 and 2006, the main pollution component of which was waste gas (waste water was 22.6, waste gas was 77.4, calculated in terms of the appropriate amount of pollutants, the same as below); in the central region, Shanxi (waste water accounted for 11.2%, exhaust gas accounted for 88.8%), Anhui province (waste water accounted for 22.4, exhaust gas accounted for 77.6%), Jiangxi province (waste water accounted for 17.3, exhaust gas accounted for 82.7%) and Henan province (wastewater accounted for 21.2%, waste gas accounted for 78.8%), environmental pollution gradients were transferred from 2000 to 2011; the western region, Inner Mongolia (10.4% waste water, 89.6% waste gas), Qinghai (17.9% wastewater, 82.1% waste gas) and Ningxia (25.4% wastewater, 74.6% waste gas) formed environmental pollution gradient between 2000 and 2011. The pollution-intensive industry is a very important factor that causes a region's pollutant discharge to rise. To a certain extent, the policy of attracting investment plays a positive role in turning an area into an environmental pollution gradient, while environmental access measures and environmental punishment measures play a negative role in turning a region into an environmental pollution gradient to a certain extent. All localities need to conduct strategic environmental impact assessments before industrial parks or development zones are built, divide priority development zones, control development zones, restrict development zones, and prohibit development zones; in the process of attracting investment, they should not use the sacrifice of the local environment as a bait, At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental monitoring of pollution-intensive industries and implement the "three simultaneous" system. In the process of attracting investment, government departments need to set up environmental access measures (environmental threshold) and environmental punishment measures suitable for local economic development level, improve the ability to control pollution transfer from two aspects: hardware technology and software technology. Establish and perfect ecological compensation mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：南京农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X322

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