锌铁缺失及镉砷复合污染对苎麻吸收积累镉的影响

发布时间：2018-05-26 08:21

本文选题：苎麻 + 镉吸收　；参考：《湖南农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：苎麻对重金属具有较强的耐受力和吸收能力,是一种修复重金属污染土壤潜力较大的目标植物。本研究以湖南农业大学苎麻阳光板温室为平台,以苎麻中苎1号、湘苎3号、多倍体1号和湘苎7号为试验材料,通过盆栽试验考察锌、铁缺失以及镉、砷复合污染对苎麻生长及吸收积累镉的影响。主要研究结果如下：(1)通过盆栽试验研究了锌、铁对中苎1号和湘苎3号吸收及运转镉的影响。在镉胁迫下,供应锌、铁可以促进苎麻的生长。当无锌、铁供应时,苎麻株高平均下降了10.24%-21.64%,茎叶干重平均下降了1.02%～6.00%,根干重平均下降了2.04%～12.24%。锌、铁显著影响着苎麻体内镉含量,供应锌、铁可以抑制苎麻对镉的吸收。锌、铁缺失会促使苎麻吸收更多的镉,其中中苎1号根、茎、叶中镉含量分别比对照高4.98%～14.41%、16.17%～20.06%和5.45%～21.48%,湘苎3号根、茎、叶中镉含量分别比对照高10.65%～27.04%、27.41%～34.13%和14.32%～28.05%。缺锌和缺铁显著增加了苎麻体内镉积累量。在缺锌处理下,苎麻根和茎叶中镉积累量均达到最大值,其中中苎1号根和茎叶内镉积累量分别比对照增加了9.73%和21.84%,湘苎3号根和茎叶内镉积累量分别比对照增加了21.97%和28.83%。锌、铁对苎麻运转镉具有抑制效应,无锌、铁供应会加剧镉从苎麻根部向茎叶部运转。在缺锌和缺铁处理下,中苎1号和湘苎3号TF_(叶/根)(叶、根之间转运系数)、TF_(茎/根)(茎、根之间转运系数)比对照增加了4%-24%。(2)通过盆栽试验研究了镉、砷复合污染对中苎1号、湘苎3号、多倍体1号和湘苎7号吸收积累镉、砷的影响。镉、砷复合污染抑制苎麻生长,株高、茎粗、根茎叶生物量下降。当污染物中砷浓度为50 mg/kg时,中苎1号、湘苎3号根内镉含量有所增加,中苎1号、湘苎3号、湘苎7号茎内镉含量降低,四个苎麻品种叶内镉含量均提高；当污染物中砷浓度达到100 mg/kg时,苎麻根、茎、叶内镉含量均下降。随着污染物中砷浓度增加,苎麻根、茎内镉积累量呈下降趋势,而叶内镉积累量在砷浓度为50 mg/kg处理下增加,在砷浓度为100 mg/kg处理下大幅度下降。在镉、砷复合污染下,苎麻地下部砷积累量约是地上部的23-27倍,苎麻茎、叶内砷平均积累量相当,根内砷积累量较大。在砷浓度为50 mg/kg处理下,苎麻叶内镉含量及镉积累量均出现增加趋势,可能是由于镉、砷复合污染加剧了镉从地下部向地上部的运转。当处理液中砷浓度达到100 mg/kg时,苎麻各器官镉含量及镉积累量均下降,且湘苎7号体内砷含量也开始下降,说明在砷浓度为100 mg/kg胁迫下苎麻生长已经受到严重的抑制,各方面生理活性下降。通过对农艺性状指标分析,初步判断镉、砷复合污染下不同苎麻品种的耐性为中苎1号多倍体1号湘苎3号湘苎7号。综上所述,镉胁迫对苎麻的生长有着显著的影响,锌、铁对苎麻生长有促进作用,能缓解镉对苎麻的影响。锌、铁能抑制苎麻对镉的吸收,且能抑制镉在苎麻体内的转移,缓解镉对苎麻产生的毒害作用。镉、砷复合污染对苎麻生长有着重要的影响,不同苎麻品种在镉、砷复合污染下对镉、砷的吸收和积累存在着基因型差异。在高浓度砷处理下,苎麻生长受到严重影响,根、茎、叶内镉含量及镉积累量均下降。
[Abstract]:Ramie has strong tolerance and absorptive capacity to heavy metals. It is a kind of target plant to repair heavy metal contaminated soil. This study takes ramie sun board greenhouse of Hunan Agricultural University as a platform. It takes ramie No. 1 in ramie, No. 3 of Hunan ramie, polyploid No. 1, and No. 7 of Hunan ramie as test materials. The effects of cadmium and arsenic compound pollution on growth and absorption and accumulation of cadmium in ramie were studied. The main results were as follows: (1) the effects of zinc and iron on the absorption and operation of cadmium in No. 1 and Xiang ramie No. 3 were studied in a pot experiment. The supply of zinc and iron could promote the growth of ramie under cadmium stress. The average height of ramie plant decreased by 10.24%-21.64 when no zinc and iron were supplied. The dry weight of the stem and leaf decreased by 1.02% to 6%, the average root dry weight decreased by 2.04% ~ 12.24%. zinc. Iron significantly affected the cadmium content in the body of ramie. The supply of zinc and iron could inhibit the absorption of cadmium in ramie. Zinc, the loss of iron would promote the absorption of more cadmium in ramie, and the content of cadmium in the No. 1 root, stem and leaf of the middle ramie was 4.98% to 14.41% higher than that of the control, 16.17%, respectively, 16.17%. 16.17% To 20.06% and 5.45% ~ 21.48%, the cadmium content in the root, stem and leaf of Hunan ramie was 10.65% ~ 27.04% higher than that of the control, and the cadmium accumulation in Ramie was significantly increased in 27.41% to 34.13% and 14.32% ~ 28.05%.. The accumulation of cadmium in Ramie root and stem and leaf was reached the maximum under zinc deficiency treatment, and the accumulation of cadmium in the middle ramie and the stems and leaves of ramie were all in the maximum value. The accumulation of cadmium in the root and stem of Hunan ramie increased by 9.73% and 21.84% respectively. The accumulation of cadmium in the root and stem of Hunan ramie increased by 21.97% and 28.83%. zinc respectively. Iron had a inhibitory effect on the operation of cadmium in ramie. No zinc, iron supply would aggravate the operation of cadmium from the root of ramie to the stem and leaf. Under the treatment of zinc deficiency and iron deficiency, middle ramie No. 1 and 3 TF_ (leaf / root) of Hunan Ramie (leaf and root) (leaves and roots) TF_ (stem / root) (stem / root) (stem / root) (stem and root transport coefficient) increased by 4%-24%. (2) compared with the control (2) through pot experiment to study the cadmium, arsenic compound pollution on the No. 1, Hunan ramie No. 3, polyploid 1 and Hunan ramie 7 absorption and accumulation of cadmium, arsenic, the effects of cadmium and arsenic compound pollution restraining ramie growth, plant height, stem diameter, and rhizome leaf biomass decreased. When the concentration of arsenic was 50 mg/kg, the content of cadmium in No. 1 of Zhong ramie and No. 3 of Hunan ramie increased, the cadmium content in the stem of four ramie varieties decreased and the content of cadmium in four ramie varieties decreased. The content of cadmium in the root, stem and leaf of ramie decreased when the concentration of arsenic in the pollutants reached 100. As the concentration of arsenic in the pollutants increased, the root of ramie was increased. The accumulation of cadmium in the stem decreased, but the accumulation of cadmium in the leaves increased under the concentration of 50 mg/kg and decreased greatly under the treatment of arsenic concentration of 100 mg/kg. Under the compound pollution of cadmium and arsenic, the accumulation of arsenic in the lower part of the ramie area was about 23-27 times, the average accumulation of arsenic in the stem of ramie was equal, and the accumulation of arsenic in the root was larger. The cadmium content and the accumulation of cadmium in the leaves of ramie were increased under the 50 mg/kg degree. The cadmium and arsenic compound pollution aggravated the movement of cadmium from the underground to the ground. When the arsenic concentration reached 100 mg/kg, the cadmium content and the accumulation of cadmium in every organ of ramie decreased, and the arsenic content in No. 7 of Hunan ramie began to decrease. The growth of Ramie with arsenic concentration of 100 mg/kg has been severely inhibited and physiological activity decreased in various aspects. Through the analysis of agronomic traits, it is preliminarily determined that the tolerance of Different Ramie Varieties under the compound pollution of cadmium and arsenic is No. 1 polyploid No. 1 Xiang ramie No. 1, No. 3 of Hunan ramie No. 7. Zinc and iron can promote the growth of ramie, which can alleviate the effect of cadmium on ramie. Zinc, iron can inhibit the absorption of cadmium to ramie, and can inhibit the transfer of cadmium in ramie, and alleviate the toxic effect of cadmium on ramie. The compound pollution of cadmium and arsenic has an important influence on the growth of ramie, and the different ramie varieties are contaminated by cadmium and arsenic. There is a genotypic difference in the absorption and accumulation of cadmium and arsenic. The growth of ramie is seriously affected by high concentration of arsenic, and the content of cadmium and the accumulation of cadmium in the root, stem, leaf and leaf are all decreased.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X173;X53;S563.1

【参考文献】